| Title: | Minimal Gluten Exposure Alters Urinary Volatile Organic Compounds in Stable Coeliac Disease |
| Author(s): | McFarlane M; Arasaradnam RP; Reed B; Daulton E; Wicaksono A; Tyagi H; Covington JA; Nwokolo C; |
| Address: | "Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK. Faculty of Health Science, University of Coventry, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK. Department of Dietetics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK. School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1424-8220 (Electronic) 1424-8220 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Coeliac disease (CD) patients are distinguishable from healthy individuals via urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis. We exposed 20 stable CD patients on gluten-free diet (GFDs) to a 14-day, 3 g/day gluten challenge (GCh), and assessed urinary VOC changes. A control cohort of 20 patients continued on GFD. Urine samples from Days 0, 7, 14, 28 and 56 were analysed using Lonestar FAIMS and Markes Gas Chromatography-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometer (GC-TOF-MS). VOC signatures on D (day) 7-56 were compared with D0. Statistical analysis was performed using R. In GCh patients, FAIMS revealed significant VOC differences for all time points compared to D0. GC-TOF-MS revealed significant changes at D7 and D14 only. In control samples, FAIMS revealed significant differences at D7 only. GC-TOF-MS detected no significant differences. Chemical analysis via GC-MS-TOF revealed 12 chemicals with significantly altered intensities at D7 vs. D0 for GCh patients. The alterations persisted for six chemicals at D14 and one (N-methyltaurine) remained altered after D14. This low-dose, short-duration challenge was well tolerated. FAIMS and GC-TOF-MS detected VOC signature changes in CD patients when undergoing a minimal GCh. These findings suggest urinary VOCs could have a role in monitoring dietary compliance in CD patients" |
| Keywords: | *Celiac Disease/diagnosis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Glutens Humans Mass Spectrometry *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis Faims VOCs coeliac disease gluten challenge gluten free diet; |
| Notes: | "MedlineMcFarlane, Michael Arasaradnam, Ramesh P Reed, Beryl Daulton, Emma Wicaksono, Alfian Tyagi, Heena Covington, James A Nwokolo, Chuka eng Switzerland 2022/02/16 Sensors (Basel). 2022 Feb 8; 22(3):1290. doi: 10.3390/s22031290" |
