| Title: | Emission Characteristics and Formation Pathways of Intermediate Volatile Organic Compounds from Ocean-Going Vessels: Comparison of Engine Conditions and Fuel Types |
| Author(s): | Liu Z; Chen Y; Zhang Y; Zhang F; Feng Y; Zheng M; Li Q; Chen J; |
| Address: | "Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China. Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China. School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China. Key Laboratory of Spatial-Temporal Big Data Analysis and Application of Natural Resources in Megacities, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai 200241, China. Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The lack of emission data for ocean-going vessels (OGVs) and the recent fuel switching make it urgent to enhance the onboard measurement of ship emissions, especially for intermediate volatile organic compounds (IVOCs). This study focused on the IVOC emission characteristics and formation pathways of three OGVs under various engine conditions (power and load) and fuel oils (heavy fuel oil (HFO) versus marine gas oil (MGO)). The results showed that the (1) IVOC emission factors (EF(IVOC)) of the three OGVs increased with engine power and were higher for MGO (1494.4 +/- 421.7 mg/kg) than HFO (1830.5 +/- 534.5 mg/kg) and engine load is an important parameter. (2) Engine load and oil type affect the composition and volatility distribution of IVOCs. The proportion of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in IVOCs increased with a higher load, and using MGO shifted IVOC components to a higher volatility in contrast to HFO. (3) The compositions of IVOCs were more like those in fuel oils under low loads than under high loads, indicating that different formation pathways of IVOCs exist for different engine loads. (4) A higher EF(IVOC) was observed nearshore than in open sea owing to the lower and transient engine load, which indicates the necessity of paying attention to the IVOC emissions for ships" |
| Keywords: | *Air Pollutants/analysis *Fuel Oils Gasoline Magnesium Oxide *Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Ships Vehicle Emissions/analysis *Volatile Organic Compounds Ivoc emission factor engine load formation ship emission ultra-low sulfur oil; |
| Notes: | "MedlineLiu, Zeyu Chen, Yingjun Zhang, Yan Zhang, Fan Feng, Yanli Zheng, Mei Li, Qing Chen, Jianmin eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2022/09/08 Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Sep 20; 56(18):12917-12925. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03589. Epub 2022 Sep 7" |
