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J Hazard Mater

Title:		"Emission profiles, ozone formation potential and health-risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in rubber footwear industries in China"
Author(s):		Li Q; Su G; Li C; Wang M; Tan L; Gao L; Mingge W; Wang Q;
Address:		"Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. Electronic address: gjsu@rcees.ac.cn. Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China. China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC), No. 8 Anwai, Dayangfang, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China"
Journal Title:		J Hazard Mater
Year:		2019
Volume:		20190503
Issue:
Page Number:		52 - 60
DOI:		10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.064
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-3336 (Electronic) 0304-3894 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The emission characteristics of VOCs in the rubber footwear industry (RFI) and its effect on human health are poorly understood to date. Herein, up to 68 VOCs, sorted into seven classes including alkanes, alkenes, acetylene, aromatics, halocarbons, carbon disulfide, and oxygenated VOCs, were monitored. VOCs emitted from three main processing stages of RFI, including shaping, painting and vulcanizing, were 383, 1507 and 1026 mg/m(3), respectively. The top 10 VOCs contributing to the concentration and ozone formation potential were identified. Generally, alkanes were the major component emitted from three stages, contributing 48.58%-63.07% of the total VOCs. Alkenes contributed most to the OFP, accounting for 37.2%-69.1%. Based on the risk assessment, a definite cancer risk for workers in shaping workshop should be noticed. Several VOCs with a life carcinogenic risk higher than 10(-4), especially benzene, bromodichloromethane, ethylbenzene and 1,1,2-trichloroethane, should be focused on. Therefore, more attention should be taken for the extended-ranges of VOCs in subordinate RFI, except for the publicly concerned aromatics in rubber industry. A VOCs emission inventory from the production process of Chinese RFI in 2000-2016 was compiled. It is estimated that Chinese RFIs have emitted a total of 319 x 10(4) t VOCs in those past 17 years"
Keywords:		"Air Pollutants, Occupational/*analysis/chemistry Carcinogens/*analysis/chemistry China Environmental Monitoring Humans Manufacturing Industry Occupational Exposure/analysis Ozone/*chemistry Risk Risk Assessment *Rubber *Shoes Volatile Organic Compounds/*a;"
Notes:		"MedlineLi, Qianqian Su, Guijin Li, Chuanqi Wang, Mengjing Tan, Li Gao, Lirong Mingge, Wu Wang, Qingliang eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2019/05/03 J Hazard Mater. 2019 Aug 5; 375:52-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.064. Epub 2019 May 3"