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J Chem Ecol

Title:		"Nerol: An alarm substance of the stingless bee,Trigona fulviventris (Hymenoptera: Apidae)"
Author(s):		Johnson LK; Wiemer DF;
Address:		"Department of Zoology, The University of Iowa, 52242, Iowa City, Iowa"
Journal Title:		J Chem Ecol
Year:		1982
Volume:		8
Issue:		9
Page Number:		1167 - 1181
DOI:		10.1007/BF00990750
ISSN/ISBN:		0098-0331 (Print) 0098-0331 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Bees of the genusTrigona and subgenusTrigona possess volatile materials in their mandibular glands, used as alarm substances and as marking pheromones. Heads of workers ofTrigona fulviventris were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The two major volatile components were nerol ( approximately 50%), and octyl caproate ( approximately 20%). Relative to other substances tested at a Costa Rican nest, treatments containing 20 mug of nerol attractedT. fulviventris, depressed numbers of bees leaving the nest by about 50%, and elicited wing vibration and biting. The responses were similar to those obtained with the contents of one worker head. Attraction and biting were also seen in response to captures of colony members by assassin bugs (Apiomerus pictipes) outside a nest entrance; one bee responded in about 15% of the captures. This alarm behavior, although weak, is of interest since it was thought thatT. fulviventris was unusual for its subgenus in its lack of nest defense behaviors"
Keywords:
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEJohnson, L K Wiemer, D F eng 1982/09/01 J Chem Ecol. 1982 Sep; 8(9):1167-81. doi: 10.1007/BF00990750"