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Nature

Title:		Balancing selection shapes density-dependent foraging behaviour
Author(s):		Greene JS; Brown M; Dobosiewicz M; Ishida IG; Macosko EZ; Zhang X; Butcher RA; Cline DJ; McGrath PT; Bargmann CI;
Address:		"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Lulu and Anthony Wang Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA. Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA. School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA"
Journal Title:		Nature
Year:		2016
Volume:		20161031
Issue:		7628
Page Number:		254 - 258
DOI:		10.1038/nature19848
ISSN/ISBN:		1476-4687 (Electronic) 0028-0836 (Print) 0028-0836 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The optimal foraging strategy in a given environment depends on the number of competing individuals and their behavioural strategies. Little is known about the genes and neural circuits that integrate social information into foraging decisions. Here we show that ascaroside pheromones, small glycolipids that signal population density, suppress exploratory foraging in Caenorhabditis elegans, and that heritable variation in this behaviour generates alternative foraging strategies. We find that natural C. elegans isolates differ in their sensitivity to the potent ascaroside icas#9 (IC-asc-C5). A quantitative trait locus (QTL) regulating icas#9 sensitivity includes srx-43, a G-protein-coupled icas#9 receptor that acts in the ASI class of sensory neurons to suppress exploration. Two ancient haplotypes associated with this QTL confer competitive growth advantages that depend on ascaroside secretion, its detection by srx-43 and the distribution of food. These results suggest that balancing selection at the srx-43 locus generates alternative density-dependent behaviours, fulfilling a prediction of foraging game theory"
Keywords:		Animals Caenorhabditis elegans/drug effects/*genetics/isolation & purification/*physiology Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/metabolism *Feeding Behavior/drug effects Food Game Theory Haplotypes Hexoses/metabolism/pharmacology Indoles/pharmacology Male Pher;
Notes:		"MedlineGreene, Joshua S Brown, Maximillian Dobosiewicz, May Ishida, Itzel G Macosko, Evan Z Zhang, Xinxing Butcher, Rebecca A Cline, Devin J McGrath, Patrick T Bargmann, Cornelia I eng HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ F30 MH101931/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ R01 GM114170/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2016/11/04 Nature. 2016 Nov 10; 539(7628):254-258. doi: 10.1038/nature19848. Epub 2016 Oct 31"