| Title: | Phytoscreening as an efficient tool to delineate chlorinated solvent sources at a chlor-alkali facility |
| Author(s): | Yung L; Lagron J; Cazaux D; Limmer M; Chalot M; |
| Address: | "Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement (UMR 6249), Universite de Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Pole Universitaire du Pays de Montbeliard, 4 place Tharradin, BP 71427, 25211 Montbeliard, France. INOVYN France, 39500 Tavaux Cedex, France. University of Delaware, Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, Newark, DE, USA. Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement (UMR 6249), Universite de Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Pole Universitaire du Pays de Montbeliard, 4 place Tharradin, BP 71427, 25211 Montbeliard, France; Universite de Lorraine, Faculte des Sciences et Technologies, BP 70239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France. Electronic address: michel.chalot@univ-fcomte.fr" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.112 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-1298 (Electronic) 0045-6535 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Chlorinated ethenes (CE) are among the most common volatile organic compounds (VOC) that contaminate groundwater, currently representing a major source of pollution worldwide. Phytoscreening has been developed and employed through different applications at numerous sites, where it was generally useful for detection of subsurface chlorinated solvents. We aimed at delineating subsurface CE contamination at a chlor-alkali facility using tree core data that we compared with soil data. For this investigation a total of 170 trees from experimental zones was sampled and analyzed for perchloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) concentrations, measured by solid phase microextraction gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Within the panel of tree genera sampled, Quercus and Ulmus appeared to be efficient biomonitors of subjacent TCE and PCE contamination, in addition to the well known and widely used Populus and Salix genera. Among the 28 trees located above the dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) phase zone, 19 tree cores contained detectable amounts of CE, with concentrations ranging from 3 to 3000 mug L(-1). Our tree core dataset was found to be well related to soil gas sampling results, although the tree coring data were more informative. Our data further emphasized the need for choosing the relevant tree species and sampling periods, as well as taking into consideration the nature of the soil and its heterogeneity. Overall, this low-invasive screening method appeared useful to delineate contaminants at a small-scale site impacted by multiple sources of chlorinated solvents" |
| Keywords: | "Alkalies/*analysis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Groundwater/*analysis Halogenation Solid Phase Microextraction/methods Solvents/chemistry Trees/*chemistry Trichloroethylene/*analysis Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis Water Pollutants, Chemical/;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineYung, Loic Lagron, Jerome Cazaux, David Limmer, Matt Chalot, Michel eng England 2017/02/06 Chemosphere. 2017 May; 174:82-89. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.112. Epub 2017 Jan 25" |
