| Title: | Smelling the Disease: Diagnostic Potential of Breath Analysis |
| Author(s): | Sharma A; Kumar R; Varadwaj P; |
| Address: | "Systems Biology Lab, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India. Systems Biology Lab, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. pritish@iiita.ac.in" |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s40291-023-00640-7 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1179-2000 (Electronic) 1177-1062 (Print) 1177-1062 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Breath analysis is a relatively recent field of research with much promise in scientific and clinical studies. Breath contains endogenously produced volatile organic components (VOCs) resulting from metabolites of ingested precursors, gut and air-passage bacteria, environmental contacts, etc. Numerous recent studies have suggested changes in breath composition during the course of many diseases, and breath analysis may lead to the diagnosis of such diseases. Therefore, it is important to identify the disease-specific variations in the concentration of breath to diagnose the diseases. In this review, we explore methods that are used to detect VOCs in laboratory settings, VOC constituents in exhaled air and other body fluids (e.g., sweat, saliva, skin, urine, blood, fecal matter, vaginal secretions, etc.), VOC identification in various diseases, and recently developed electronic (E)-nose-based sensors to detect VOCs. Identifying such VOCs and applying them as disease-specific biomarkers to obtain accurate, reproducible, and fast disease diagnosis could serve as an alternative to traditional invasive diagnosis methods. However, the success of VOC-based identification of diseases is limited to laboratory settings. Large-scale clinical data are warranted for establishing the robustness of disease diagnosis. Also, to identify specific VOCs associated with illness states, extensive clinical trials must be performed using both analytical instruments and electronic noses equipped with stable and precise sensors" |
| Keywords: | Female Humans *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis/metabolism *Body Fluids/metabolism Saliva/metabolism Breath Tests/methods Skin; |
| Notes: | "MedlineSharma, Anju Kumar, Rajnish Varadwaj, Pritish eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review New Zealand 2023/02/03 Mol Diagn Ther. 2023 May; 27(3):321-347. doi: 10.1007/s40291-023-00640-7. Epub 2023 Feb 2" |
