| Title: | Volatile organic compounds emitted from silver birch of different provenances across a latitudinal gradient in Finland |
| Author(s): | Maja MM; Kasurinen A; Holopainen T; Kontunen-Soppela S; Oksanen E; Holopainen JK; |
| Address: | "Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 127, Kuopio, Finland mengistu.maja@uef.fi. Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 127, Kuopio, Finland. Department of Biology, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, Joensuu, Finland" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1758-4469 (Electronic) 0829-318X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Climate warming is having an impact on distribution, acclimation and defence capability of plants. We compared the emission rate and composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from silver birch (Betula pendula (Roth)) provenances along a latitudinal gradient in a common garden experiment over the years 2012 and 2013. Micropropagated silver birch saplings from three provenances were acquired along a gradient of 7 degrees latitude and planted at central (Joensuu 62 degrees N) and northern (Kolari 67 degrees N) sites. We collected VOCs emitted by shoots and assessed levels of herbivore damage of three genotypes of each provenance on three occasions at the central site and four occasions at the northern site. In 2012, trees of all provenances growing at the central site had higher total VOC emission rates than the same provenances growing at the northern site; in 2013 the reverse was true, thus indicating a variable effect of latitude. Trees of the southern provenance had lower VOC emission rates than trees of the central and northern provenances during both sampling years. However, northward or southward translocation itself had no significant effect on the total VOC emission rates, and no clear effect on insect herbivore damage. When VOC blend composition was studied, trees of all provenances usually emitted more green leaf volatiles at the northern site and more sesquiterpenes at the central site. The monoterpene composition of emissions from trees of the central provenance was distinct from that of the other provenances. In summary, provenance translocation did not have a clear effect in the short-term on VOC emissions and herbivory was not usually intense at the lower latitude. Our data did not support the hypothesis that trees growing at lower latitudes would experience more intense herbivory, and therefore allocate resources to chemical defence in the form of inducible VOC emissions" |
| Keywords: | *Altitude Betula/*chemistry/growth & development Finland Geography Herbivory Linear Models Plant Shoots/chemistry Principal Component Analysis Soil/chemistry Temperature Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis VOC emission climate change common garden insect; |
| Notes: | "MedlineMaja, Mengistu M Kasurinen, Anne Holopainen, Toini Kontunen-Soppela, Sari Oksanen, Elina Holopainen, Jarmo K eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Canada 2015/06/21 Tree Physiol. 2015 Sep; 35(9):975-86. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpv052. Epub 2015 Jun 19" |
