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Molecules

Title:		Individual and Combined Inhalational Sedative Effects in Mice of Low Molecular Weight Aromatic Compounds Found in Agarwood Aroma
Author(s):		Castro KP; Ito M;
Address:		"Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"
Journal Title:		Molecules
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210302
Issue:		5
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/molecules26051320
ISSN/ISBN:		1420-3049 (Electronic) 1420-3049 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Agarwood is known to have a sedative effect and the less studied volatile aromatic constituents it contains may have contribution to the activity. In this study, two Kyara grade (highest-grade agarwood in Japan) samples were extracted using headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Six low molecular weight aromatic compounds (LACs) and one structurally simple compound (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether) present in the aromas were individually evaluated for inhalational sedative activity in mice through open field test. Doses of 0.0001 g/L to 1 g/L were prepared for each compound and administered to mice (n = 6/dose/compound). Results revealed all compounds decreased spontaneous motor activity at almost all doses. Strongest sedative activity of each compound reduced total spontaneous motor activity by more than half against control, demonstrating their contribution to agarwood aroma and potential as independent sedating agents. Mixtures of compounds using their most effective dose were made and evaluated again for inhalational sedative effect. Interestingly, the combination of all compounds showed no significant effect and even caused stimulation in mice movements. This result suggests antagonistic-like interaction between the compounds, which is probably due to structural similarities. Consequently, it implies the other constituents present in agarwood, along with LACs, are also important to the overall sedative activity"
Keywords:		Animals Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage/isolation & purification/*pharmacology Inhalation Exposure Male Mice Molecular Weight Motor Activity/*drug effects Odorants/*analysis Plant Extracts/*pharmacology;
Notes:		"MedlineCastro, Kimberly P Ito, Michiho eng Switzerland 2021/04/04 Molecules. 2021 Mar 2; 26(5):1320. doi: 10.3390/molecules26051320"