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Int J Mol Sci

Title:		Origanum vulgare Terpenoids Induce Oxidative Stress and Reduce the Feeding Activity of Spodoptera littoralis
Author(s):		Agliassa C; Maffei ME;
Address:		"Department Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy. chiara.agliassa@unito.it. Department Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via G. Quarello 15/a, 10135 Turin, Italy. massimo.maffei@unito.it"
Journal Title:		Int J Mol Sci
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180918
Issue:		9
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/ijms19092805
ISSN/ISBN:		1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Terpenoids are toxic compounds produced by plants as a defense strategy against insect herbivores. We tested the effect of Origanum vulgare terpenoids on the generalist herbivore Spodoptera littoralis and the response of the plant to herbivory. Terpenoids were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS and quantitative gene expression (qPCR) was evaluated on selected plant genes involved in both terpene biosynthesis. The insect detoxification response to terpenes was evaluated by monitoring antioxidant enzymes activity and expression of insect genes involved in terpene detoxification. O. vulgare terpenoid biosynthesis and gene expression was modulated by S. littoralis feeding. The herbivore-induced increased level of terpenoids (particularly carvacrol and p-cymene) interacted with the herbivore by decreasing larval survival and growth rate. The assimilation by S. littoralis of more than 50% of ingested terpenes correlated with the possible toxic effects of O. vulgare terpenoids. In choice test experiments, carvacrol and gamma-terpinene mediated the larval feeding preferences, wherease the prolonged feeding on O. vulgare terpenoids (particularly on gamma-terpinene) exerted relevant antinutritional effects on larvae. S. littoralis was found to react to O. vulgare terpenoids by increasing its antioxidant enzymes activities and gene expression, although this was not sufficient to sustain the toxicity of O. vulgare terpenoids"
Keywords:		"Animals Biosynthetic Pathways Gene Expression Regulation, Plant *Herbivory Larva/physiology Origanum/genetics/*physiology *Oxidative Stress Spodoptera/*physiology Terpenes/*metabolism/toxicity Origanum vulgare Spodoptera littoralis antioxidant enzyme acti;"
Notes:		"MedlineAgliassa, Chiara Maffei, Massimo E eng Local research/Universita degli Studi di Torino/ Switzerland 2018/09/21 Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Sep 18; 19(9):2805. doi: 10.3390/ijms19092805"