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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Title:		Bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric GMP-linked quorum sensing controls swarming in Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Author(s):		Trimble MJ; McCarter LL;
Address:		"Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA"
Journal Title:		Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Year:		2011
Volume:		20111017
Issue:		44
Page Number:		18079 - 18084
DOI:		10.1073/pnas.1113790108
ISSN/ISBN:		1091-6490 (Electronic) 0027-8424 (Print) 0027-8424 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Movement over and colonization of surfaces are important survival strategies for bacteria, and many find it advantageous to perform these activities as a group, using quorum sensing to sample population size and synchronize behavior. It is puzzling however, that swarming-proficient and virulent strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus are silenced for the vibrio archetypal pathway of quorum sensing. Here we describe the S-signal, a pheromone that can be communicated between cells in coculture to regulate surface colonization. This signal was harvested in cell-free supernatants and demonstrated to stimulate swarming gene expression at low cell density. The S-signal was generated by the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent aminotransferase ScrA; signal reception required the periplasmic binding protein ScrB and the membrane-bound GGDEF-EAL domain-containing protein ScrC. ScrC is a bifunctional enzyme that has the ability to form and degrade the second messenger bis-(3'-5') cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP). ScrA in neighboring cells was able to alter the activity of ScrC in a ScrB-dependent manner, transforming ScrC's repressing ability to inducing activity with respect to swarming. Conversely, cell-cell signaling repressed capsule gene expression. In summary, we report that quorum sensing can stimulate swarming in V. parahaemolyticus; it does so via an alternative pathway capable of generating an autoinducing signal that influences c-di-GMP, thereby expanding the lexicon and language of cell-cell communication"
Keywords:		"Cyclic GMP/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism Genes, Bacterial *Quorum Sensing Signal Transduction Vibrio parahaemolyticus/genetics/*physiology;"
Notes:		"MedlineTrimble, Michael J McCarter, Linda L eng T32 AI007511/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ 2T32AI007511-16/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2011/10/19 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Nov 1; 108(44):18079-84. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1113790108. Epub 2011 Oct 17"