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Sci Total Environ

Title:		"Occurrence, fates, and carcinogenic risks of substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in two coking wastewater treatment systems"
Author(s):		Saber AN; Zhang H; Islam A; Yang M;
Address:		"National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt. Electronic address: Ayman.nabil89@gmail.com. National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: hfzhang@rcees.ac.cn. National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: yangmin@rcees.ac.cn"
Journal Title:		Sci Total Environ
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210517
Issue:
Page Number:		147808 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147808
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This paper reports for the first time the occurrence, fates, and carcinogenic risks of 20 substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (SPAHs) and 16 priority PAH species in two coking wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) (plant E and central WWTP). The measured total concentrations of PAHs and SPAHs in raw wastewater of coking plant E were 3700 and 1200 mug.L(-1), respectively, with naphthalene (1400 mug.L(-1)), and fluoranthene (353 mug.L(-1)) as dominant PAH species and 2-methylnaphthalene (167 mug.L(-1)), anthraquinone (133 mug.L(-1)), and 1-methylnaphthalene (132 mug.L(-1)) as dominant SPAHs. For the 11 methyl-PAHs (MPAHs), 4 oxygenated-PAHs (OPAHs), and 5 nitrated-PAHs (NPAHs) investigated, the biological wastewater treatment process removed 98.6% MPAHs, 83.9% OPAHs, and 89.1% NPAHs. Mass balance analysis result revealed that transformation was the major mechanism to remove low-molecular-weight (LMW) MPAHs (59.9-77.3%), a large part of OPAHs, including anthraquinone, methylanthraquinone, and 9-fluorenone (46.7-49.6%), and some NPAHs, including 2-nitrofluorene and 9-nitroanthrancene (52.9-59.1%). Adsorption by activated sludge mainly accounted for removing high-molecular-weight (HMW) SPAHs (59.6-71.01%). The relatively high concentrations of SPAHs in excess sludge (15,000 mug.g(-1)) and treated effluent (104 mug.L(-1)) are of great concern for their potential adverse ecological impacts. SPAHS exhibited similar behaviors in central WWTP, though the influent concentrations were much lower. The concentration levels of SPAHs in the ambient air of coking plant E and central WWTP may also pose potential lung cancer risks (LCR) to the workers through inhalation, where all studied SPAHs except 3-nitrofluoranthene and 7-nitrobenz[a]anthracene exceeded the acceptable cancer risk standards (>10(-6)) recommended by U.S EPA. This study could help identify the ecological and healthy risks during coking wastewater treatment and provide useful information for policy-making"
Keywords:		"Carcinogens *Coke Environmental Monitoring Humans *Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis Rivers *Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis *Water Purification Coking wastewater Health risk Industrial wastewater Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Semi-volatile;"
Notes:		"MedlineSaber, Ayman N Zhang, Haifeng Islam, Ashraful Yang, Min eng Netherlands 2021/06/01 Sci Total Environ. 2021 Oct 1; 789:147808. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147808. Epub 2021 May 17"