| Title: | Blood Ketone Bodies and Breath Acetone Analysis and Their Correlations in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| Author(s): | Saasa V; Beukes M; Lemmer Y; Mwakikunga B; |
| Address: | "DSI/CSIR Centre for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, P.O. Box 3951, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7600, South Africa. Next Generation Health, Division 1, CSIR, P.O. Box 3951 Pretoria, South Africa. Department of Physics, Tshwane University of Technology, P.O. Box x680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa" |
| DOI: | 10.3390/diagnostics9040224 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 2075-4418 (Print) 2075-4418 (Electronic) 2075-4418 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Analysis of volatile organic compounds in the breath for disease detection and monitoring has gained momentum and clinical significance due to its rapid test results and non-invasiveness, especially for diabetes mellitus (DM). Studies have suggested that breath gases, including acetone, may be related to simultaneous blood glucose (BG) and blood ketone levels in adults with types 2 and 1 diabetes. Detecting altered concentrations of ketones in the breath, blood and urine may be crucial for the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus. This study assesses the efficacy of a simple breath test as a non-invasive means of diabetes monitoring in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Human breath samples were collected in Tedlar bags and analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). The measurements were compared with capillary BG and blood ketone levels (beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate) taken at the same time on a single visit to a routine hospital clinic in 30 subjects with type 2 diabetes and 28 control volunteers. Ketone bodies of diabetic subjects showed a significant increase when compared to the control subjects; however, the ketone levels were was controlled in both diabetic and non-diabetic volunteers. Worthy of note, a statistically significant relationship was found between breath acetone and blood acetoacetate (R = 0.89) and between breath acetone and beta-hydroxybutyrate (R = 0.82)" |
| Keywords: | acetoacetate acetone beta-hydroxybutyrate diabetes mellitus gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) human breath ketone bodies; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINESaasa, Valentine Beukes, Mervyn Lemmer, Yolandy Mwakikunga, Bonex eng CHGER85X/Council for scientific and industrial research/ Switzerland 2019/12/22 Diagnostics (Basel). 2019 Dec 17; 9(4):224. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics9040224" |
