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Microb Ecol

Title:		"Geobacillus sp., a thermophilic soil bacterium producing volatile antibiotics"
Author(s):		Ren Y; Strobel G; Sears J; Park M;
Address:		"Department of Plant Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA"
Journal Title:		Microb Ecol
Year:		2010
Volume:		20100122
Issue:		1
Page Number:		130 - 136
DOI:		10.1007/s00248-009-9630-9
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-184X (Electronic) 0095-3628 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Geobacillus, a bacterial genus, is represented by over 25 species of Gram-positive isolates from various man-made and natural thermophilic areas around the world. An isolate of this genus (M-7) has been acquired from a thermal area near Yellowstone National Park, MT and partially characterized. The cells of this organism are globose (ca. 0.5 mu diameter), and they are covered in a matrix capsule which gives rise to elongate multicelled bacilliform structures (ranging from 3 to 12 mum) as seen by light and atomic force microscopy, respectively. The organism produces unique petal-shaped colonies (undulating margins) on nutrient agar, and it has an optimum pH of 7.0 and an optimum temperature range of 55-65 degrees C. The partial 16S rRNA sequence of this organism has 97% similarity with Geobacillus stearothermophilus, one of its closest relatives genetically. However, uniquely among all members of this genus, Geobacillus sp. (M-7) produces volatile organic substances (VOCs) that possess potent antibiotic activities. Some of the more notable components of the VOCs are benzaldehyde, acetic acid, butanal, 3-methyl-butanoic acid, 2-methyl-butanoic acid, propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, and benzeneacetaldehyde. An exposure of test organisms such as Aspergillus fumigatus, Botrytis cinerea, Verticillium dahliae, and Geotrichum candidum produced total inhibition of growth on a 48-h exposure to Geobacillus sp.(M-7) cells (ca.10(7)) and killing at a 72-h exposure at higher bacterial cell concentrations. A synthetic mixture of those available volatile compounds, at the ratios occurring in Geobacillus sp. (M-7), mimicked the bioactivity of this organism"
Keywords:		"Anti-Infective Agents/*metabolism Antibiosis DNA, Bacterial/genetics Geobacillus/classification/genetics/*isolation & purification/metabolism Hot Temperature Montana Phylogeny RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics *Soil Microbiology Volatile Organic Compounds/*met;"
Notes:		"MedlineRen, Yuhao Strobel, Gary Sears, Joe Park, Melina eng Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2010/01/22 Microb Ecol. 2010 Jul; 60(1):130-6. doi: 10.1007/s00248-009-9630-9. Epub 2010 Jan 22"