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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Intermediate Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Residential Solid Fuel Combustion Based on Field Measurements in Rural China
Author(s):		Qian Z; Chen Y; Liu Z; Han Y; Zhang Y; Feng Y; Shang Y; Guo H; Li Q; Shen G; Chen J; Tao S;
Address:		"College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China. Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China. Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China. Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210402
Issue:		9
Page Number:		5689 - 5700
DOI:		10.1021/acs.est.0c07908
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Residential solid fuel combustion (RSFC) is a key cause of air pollution in China. In these serial studies, field measurements of RSFC from 166 rural households in eastern China were conducted to update the database of emission factors (EFs) and chemical profiles of gaseous and particulate organic pollutants, and the present study focuses on the intermediate volatile organic compounds (IVOCs), which are precursors of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). The results show that the averaged EFs of IVOCs (EF(IVOC)) for crop straw, fuelwood, and coal are 550.7 +/- 397.9, 416.1 +/- 249.5, and 361.9 +/- 308.0 mg/kg, respectively, which are among the EF(IVOC) of gasoline vehicle, diesel vehicle, non-road machinery, and heavy fuel oil vessel, and are significantly affected by fuel, stove, and combustion efficiency. The percentages of normal alkanes (n-alkanes), branched alkanes (b-alkanes), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and unresolved complex mixture from RSFC are 3.5 +/- 1.6, 8.0 +/- 3.7, 17.6 +/- 6.7, and 70.9 +/- 8.1%, respectively, and the compositions are featured by lower b-alkanes and higher PAHs than those of vehicle sources. The proportions of some individual n-alkanes and PAHs (such as n-C(12)-n-C(15), naphthalene, and its alkyl substituents) can be used as indicators to differentiate RSFC from vehicle sources, while methoxyphenols can be used to distinguish biomass burning from coal combustion. Based on China's energy statistics, the total IVOC emissions from RSFC in 2014 were 175.9 Gg. These data will help to update the IVOC emission inventory and improve the estimates of SOA production in China"
Keywords:		Aerosols/analysis *Air Pollutants/analysis China Particulate Matter/analysis *Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis Vehicle Emissions/analysis *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis;
Notes:		"MedlineQian, Zhe Chen, Yingjun Liu, Zeyu Han, Yong Zhang, Yishun Feng, Yanli Shang, Yu Guo, Hai Li, Qing Shen, Guofeng Chen, Jianmin Tao, Shu eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2021/04/03 Environ Sci Technol. 2021 May 4; 55(9):5689-5700. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07908. Epub 2021 Apr 2"