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Am Nat

Title:		How to put all your eggs in one basket: empirical patterns of offspring provisioning throughout a mother's lifetime
Author(s):		Plaistow SJ; St Clair JJ; Grant J; Benton TG;
Address:		"Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom. s.plaistow@liverpool.ac.uk"
Journal Title:		Am Nat
Year:		2007
Volume:		20070809
Issue:		4
Page Number:		520 - 529
DOI:		10.1086/521238
ISSN/ISBN:		1537-5323 (Electronic) 0003-0147 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Maternal effects arise when a mother's phenotype or the environment she experiences influences the phenotype of her progeny. Most studies of adaptive maternal effects are a 'snapshot' of a mother's lifetime offspring provisioning and do not generally consider the effects of earlier siblings on those produced later. Here we show that in soil mites, offspring provisioning strategies are dynamic, changing from an emphasis on egg number in young females to egg size in older females. This pattern may be adaptive if it increases the survival of younger offspring that must compete with older, larger siblings. The dynamic shift in egg provisioning was greater in high-food environments in which females lived longer, creating increasing asymmetry in offspring competitive abilities. Females reared in isolation and in the presence of a high-density colony had identical provisioning strategies, suggesting that, unlike males in this species, females do not use pheromones to assess colony size. Our findings suggest that the adaptive significance of maternal effects may be misinterpreted when studies consider only a snapshot of a female's offspring provisioning strategy or when components of the offspring provisioning strategy are studied in isolation"
Keywords:		"Acaridae/*physiology Animals Body Size Diet Female Male Mothers Pheromones/physiology Reproduction/*physiology Selection, Genetic Yeasts Zygote/*physiology;"
Notes:		"MedlinePlaistow, Stewart J St Clair, James J H Grant, Jane Benton, Tim G eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2007/09/25 Am Nat. 2007 Oct; 170(4):520-9. doi: 10.1086/521238. Epub 2007 Aug 9"