| Title: | "A New Method for Workplace Monitoring of Airborne Diacetyl and 2,3-Pentanedione Using Thermal Desorption Tubes and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry" |
| Address: | "Analytical Chemistry Team, Health and Safety Executive, Harpur Hill, Buxton, UK" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 2398-7316 (Electronic) 2398-7308 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Diacetyl is a potentially harmful chemical that is used as an artificial flavouring in the food industry and may also be generated during processing of some natural products including coffee. In Europe, an 8-h time weighted average occupational exposure limit (TWA-OEL) of 20 ppb has been adopted for diacetyl, together with a short-term exposure limit (STEL) of 100 ppb. A sensitive new measurement method for diacetyl, and the related compound 2,3-pentanedione has been developed and evaluated. The new method uses Tenax TA sorbent tubes as the sampling media with analysis by thermal desorption (TD) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sample tubes are suitable for both active (pumped) and passive (diffusive) sampling. Diacetyl is stable on the sample tubes for at least 3 months but 2,3-pentanedione requires analysis within a month. Sample recovery is unaffected by changes in relative humidity and the presence of acetic acid. For short-term sampling, active sampling is recommended. The safe sampling volume for diacetyl is 3 litres which, at a flow rate of 100 ml min-1, equates to a maximum recommended sampling time of 30 min. For long-term samples, in particular collection of personal samples, passive sampling is recommended. Diffusive uptake rates have been determined for both diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione on Tenax TA tubes fitted with standard diffusion heads over sampling periods of 1 to 8 h. Analytical limits of detection are approximately 0.2 ng for diacetyl and 0.1 ng for 2,3-pentanedione. These values equate to airborne concentrations of around 0.04 ppb of diacetyl and 0.02 ppb of 2,3-pentanedione for a 1.5-litre active sample and 0.3 ppb of diacetyl and 0.1 ppb of 2,3-pentanedione for an 8-h passive sample. In the case of passive sampling, this limit of detection is less than 1/50th of the new European TWA-OEL for diacetyl of 20 ppb. The method can also be used to identify the presence of other volatile organic compounds at sub-ppm concentrations" |
| Keywords: | "Air Pollutants, Occupational/*analysis Diacetyl/*analysis Environmental Monitoring/*methods Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods Humans Occupational Exposure/*analysis Pentanones/*analysis Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis Workplace Tenax TA s;" |
| Notes: | "MedlinePengelly, Ian Brown, Veronica M eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2019/03/21 Ann Work Expo Health. 2019 Apr 19; 63(4):407-414. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxz014" |
