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Environ Entomol

Title:		"Lachancea thermotolerans, a Yeast Symbiont of Yellowjackets, Enhances Attraction of Three Yellowjacket Species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) to Fruit Powder"
Author(s):		Babcock T; Borden J; Gries R; Carroll C; Moore M; Gries G;
Address:		"Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada. JHB Consulting, 6552 Carnegie Street, Burnaby, BC, Canada"
Journal Title:		Environ Entomol
Year:		2018
Volume:		47
Issue:		6
Page Number:		1553 - 1559
DOI:		10.1093/ee/nvy139
ISSN/ISBN:		1938-2936 (Electronic) 0046-225X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Previously, we showed that the symbiotic yeast Lachancea thermotolerans (Filippov) (Saccharomycetales: Saccharomycetaceae) is attractive to its Vespula (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) yellowjacket hosts when grown on media supplemented with grape juice. We hypothesized that 'Concerto', a commercial strain of this yeast, could be combined with fruit powder to form a shelf-stable bait for trapping yellowjackets. Using molecular techniques, we first confirmed that Concerto yeast is indeed the species L. thermotolerans. We then tested whether: 1) Concerto yeast produces volatiles similar to those produced by L. thermotolerans isolated from yellowjackets, 2) Concerto yeast enhances attraction of yellowjackets to fruit powder, 3) a Concerto yeast/fruit powder bait interacts synergistically with a yellowjacket semiochemical lure, and 4) a synthetic analog blend of Concerto-produced volatiles attracts yellowjackets. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we demonstrated that the chemical composition of Concerto-produced volatiles closely resembles that produced by a yellowjacket-isolated strain of L. thermotolerans. In field experiments, addition of Concerto to fruit powder doubled its attractiveness to yellowjackets. Addition of the Concerto/fruit powder bait to a heptyl butyrate-based wasp lure revealed a weak additive effect. A three-component synthetic analog blend of volatiles identified from the Concerto/fruit powder bait attracted Vespula pensylvanica (Saussure), but no other yellowjacket species. Our results suggest that commercial L. thermotolerans in combination with fruit powder could be used as a yellowjacket bait, and that addition of yeast-produced volatiles to a commercial wasp lure may improve its attractiveness to V. pensylvanica. Further research should determine why the synthetic volatile blend failed to attract Vespula species other than V. pensylvanica"
Keywords:		"Animals *Behavior, Animal *Fruit Insect Control/methods Pheromones/*analysis Saccharomycetales/*chemistry Wasps/*microbiology;"
Notes:		"MedlineBabcock, Tamara Borden, John Gries, Regine Carroll, Cassandra Moore, Margo Gries, Gerhard eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2018/09/22 Environ Entomol. 2018 Dec 7; 47(6):1553-1559. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvy139"