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Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

Title:		Evaluating the antioxidative defense response of selected indoor plants against benzene and formaldehyde
Author(s):		Khan T; Shah SM; Khan SA; Hassan A; Khan AR; Akhtar G; Imtiaz H; Sajjad Y;
Address:		"Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan. Department of Horticulture, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan. Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan. yasarsajjad@cuiatd.edu.pk"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230615
Issue:		44
Page Number:		99273 - 99283
DOI:		10.1007/s11356-023-28166-9
ISSN/ISBN:		1614-7499 (Electronic) 0944-1344 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as formaldehyde and benzene are among the key contributors to indoor air pollution. The current situation of environmental pollution is alarming, especially indoor air pollution is becoming a challenge as affecting plants and humans. VOCs are known to adversely affect indoor plants by causing necrosis and chlorosis. In order to withstand these organic pollutants, plants are naturally equipped with an antioxidative defense system. The current research study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of formaldehyde and benzene on the antioxidative response of selected indoor C(3) plants including Chlorophytum comosum, Dracaena mysore, and Ficus longifolia. After the combined application of different levels (0, 0; 2, 2; 2, 4; 4, 2; and 4, 4 ppm) of benzene and formaldehyde respectively, in an airtight glass chamber, the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were analyzed. Analysis of total phenolics showed a significant increase (10.72 mg GAE/g) in F. longifolia; C. comosum (9.20 mg GAE/g); and D. mysore (8.74 mg GAE/g) compared to their respective controls as 3.76, 5.39, and 6.07 mg GAE/g. Total flavonoids (724 microg/g) were reported in control plants of F. longifolia which were increased to 1545.72 microg/g from 724 microg/g (in control) followed by 322.66 microg/g in D. mysore (control having 167.11 microg/g). Total carotenoid content also increased in D. mysore (0.67 mg/g) followed by C. comosum (0.63 mg/g) in response to increasing the combined dose compared to their control plants having 0.62 and 0.24 mg/g content. The highest proline content was exhibited by D. mysore (3.66 mug/g) as compared to its respective control plant (1.54 mug/g) under a 4 ppm dose of benzene and formaldehyde. A significant increase in enzymatic antioxidants including total antioxidants (87.89%), catalase (59.21 U/mg of protein), and guaiacol peroxidase (52.16 U/mg of protein) was observed in the D. mysore plant under a combined dose of benzene (2 ppm) and formaldehyde (4 ppm) with respect to their controls. Although experimental indoor plants have been reported to metabolize indoor pollutants, the current findings indicate that the combined application of benzene and formaldehyde is also affecting the physiology of indoor plants as well"
Keywords:		"Humans Benzene/analysis *Air Pollutants/analysis Antioxidants/analysis Formaldehyde/analysis *Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis Benzene Formaldehyde Indoor plants VOCs;"
Notes:		"MedlineKhan, Taimoor Shah, Shahid Masood Khan, Sabaz Ali Hassan, Amjad Khan, Abdul Rehman Akhtar, Gulzar Imtiaz, Hifza Sajjad, Yasar eng NRPU-7073/Higher Education Commision, Pakistan/ Germany 2023/06/16 Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Sep; 30(44):99273-99283. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-28166-9. Epub 2023 Jun 15"