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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Intermediate Volatility Organic Compound Emissions from a Large Cargo Vessel Operated under Real-World Conditions
Author(s):		Huang C; Hu Q; Li Y; Tian J; Ma Y; Zhao Y; Feng J; An J; Qiao L; Wang H; Jing S; Huang D; Lou S; Zhou M; Zhu S; Tao S; Li L;
Address:		"State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex , Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences , Shanghai , 200233 , China. School of Resources and Environment Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , 200237 , China. Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States. Department of Mechanical Engineering , Carnegie Mellon University , 5000 Forbes Avenue , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , United States. Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health , Shanghai University , Shanghai , 200244 , China"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2018
Volume:		20181029
Issue:		21
Page Number:		12934 - 12942
DOI:		10.1021/acs.est.8b04418
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Intermediate volatility organic compound (IVOC) emissions from a large cargo vessel were characterized under real-world operating conditions using an on-board measurement system. Test ship fuel-based emission factors (EFs) of total IVOCs were determined for two fuel types and seven operating conditions. The average total IVOC EF was 1003 +/- 581 mg.kg-fuel(-1), approximately 0.76 and 0.29 times the EFs of primary organic aerosol (POA) emissions from low-sulfur fuel (LSF, 0.38 wt % S) and high-sulfur fuel (HSF, 1.12 wt % S), respectively. The average total IVOC EF from LSF was 2.4 times that from HSF. The average IVOC EF under low engine load (15%) was 0.5-1.6 times higher than those under 36%-74% loads. An unresolved complex mixture (UCM) contributed 86.1 +/- 1.9% of the total IVOC emissions. Ship secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production was estimated to be 546.5 +/- 284.1 mg.kg-fuel(-1); IVOCs contributed 98.9 +/- 0.9% of the produced SOA on average. Fuel type was the dominant determinant of ship IVOC emissions, IVOC volatility distributions, and SOA production. The ship emitted more IVOC mass, produced higher proportions of volatile organic components, and produced more SOA mass when fueled with LSF than when fueled with HSF. When reducing ship POA emissions, more attention should be paid to commensurate control of ship SOA formation potential"
Keywords:		Aerosols *Air Pollutants Organic Chemicals Ships *Vehicle Emissions Volatilization;
Notes:		"MedlineHuang, Cheng Hu, Qingyao Li, Yingjie Tian, Junjie Ma, Yingge Zhao, Yunliang Feng, Jialiang An, Jingyu Qiao, Liping Wang, Hongli Jing, Sheng'ao Huang, Dandan Lou, Shengrong Zhou, Min Zhu, Shuhui Tao, Shikang Li, Li eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2018/10/24 Environ Sci Technol. 2018 Nov 6; 52(21):12934-12942. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04418. Epub 2018 Oct 29"