| Title: | Chemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Properties of the Hydroalcoholic Solution of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench. and Propolis from Northern Italy |
| Author(s): | Garzoli S; Maggio F; Vinciguerra V; Rossi C; Donadu MG; Serio A; |
| Address: | "Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy. Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy. Department for Innovation in Biological Systems, Food and Forestry, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy. Hospital Pharmacy, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy" |
| DOI: | 10.3390/molecules28031380 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1420-3049 (Electronic) 1420-3049 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "In this study, for the first time, the chemical composition of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench. and propolis (EAP) hydroalcoholic solution from the Trentino Alto Adige region of northern Italy was investigated by using SPME-GC-MS to describe the volatile content and GC-MS after silylation to detect the non-volatile compounds in the extractable organic matter. The antimicrobial activity of EAP hydroalcoholic solution was evaluated by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination on 13 type strains, food and clinical isolates. Time Kill Kinetics (TKK) assays and the determination on swimming and swarming motility for 48 h gave more details on the mode of action of EAP solution. The results highlighted the presence of some terpenes and a large number of compounds belonging to different chemical classes. Among these, sugars and organic acids excelled. The EAP hydroalcoholic solution exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity in terms of MIC, with a clear decrease in the cellular load after 48 h. However, the bacterial motility may not be affected by the EAP treatment, displaying a dynamic swarming and swimming motility capacity over time. Given the complexity of chemical profile and the strong antimicrobial effectiveness, the EAP hydroalcoholic solution can be considered a source of bioactive molecules, deserving further investigation for the versatility of application" |
| Keywords: | *Propolis/pharmacology/chemistry *Echinacea/chemistry *Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods Italy Gc-ms antimicrobial activity bioactive compounds derivatives volatile compounds; |
| Notes: | "MedlineGarzoli, Stefania Maggio, Francesca Vinciguerra, Vittorio Rossi, Chiara Donadu, Matthew Gavino Serio, Annalisa eng Switzerland 2023/02/12 Molecules. 2023 Feb 1; 28(3):1380. doi: 10.3390/molecules28031380" |
