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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Performance evaluation using a three compartment mass balance for the removal of volatile organic compounds in pilot scale constructed wetlands
Author(s):		Seeger EM; Reiche N; Kuschk P; Borsdorf H; Kaestner M;
Address:		"Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany. eva.seeger@ufz.de"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2011
Volume:		20110906
Issue:		19
Page Number:		8467 - 8474
DOI:		10.1021/es201536j
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"To perform a general assessment of treatment efficiency, a mass balance study was undertaken for two types of constructed wetlands (CWs), planted gravel filters and plant root mat systems, for treating VOC (benzene; MTBE) polluted groundwater under field conditions. Contaminant fate was investigated in the respective water, plant, and atmosphere compartments by determining water and atmospheric contaminant loads and calculating contaminant plant uptake, thereby allowing for an extended efficiency assessment of CWs. Highest total VOC removal was achieved during summer, being pronounced for benzene compared to MTBE. According to the experimental results and the calculations generated by the balancing model, degradation in the rhizosphere and plant uptake accounted for the main benzene removal processes, of 76% and 13% for the gravel bed CW and 83% and 11% for the root mat system. Volatilization flux of benzene and MTBE was low (<5%) for the gravel bed CW, while in the root mat system direct contact of aqueous and gaseous phases favored total MTBE volatilization (24%). With this applied approach, we present detailed contaminant mass balances that allow for conclusive quantitative estimation of contaminant elimination and distribution processes (e.g., total, surface, and phytovolatilization, plant uptake, rhizodegradation) in CWs under field conditions"
Keywords:		"Benzene/isolation & purification Biodegradation, Environmental Environmental Restoration and Remediation/*methods/*standards Pilot Projects Plant Roots/metabolism Plant Transpiration/physiology Seasons Volatile Organic Compounds/*isolation & purification;"
Notes:		"MedlineSeeger, Eva M Reiche, Nils Kuschk, Peter Borsdorf, Helko Kaestner, Matthias eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2011/08/19 Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Oct 1; 45(19):8467-74. doi: 10.1021/es201536j. Epub 2011 Sep 6"