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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		"Randomized Cross-Over Study of In-Vehicle Cabin Air Filtration, Air Pollution Exposure, and Acute Changes to Heart Rate Variability, Saliva Cortisol, and Cognitive Function"
Author(s):		Mallach G; Shutt R; Thomson EM; Valcin F; Kulka R; Weichenthal S;
Address:		"Water and Air Quality Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa K1A 0K9, Canada. Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa K1A 0K9, Canada. Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1H 8M5, Canada. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal H3A 1G1, Canada"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230214
Issue:		8
Page Number:		3238 - 3247
DOI:		10.1021/acs.est.2c06556
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Print) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"To determine how traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposures affect commuter health, and whether cabin air filtration (CAF) can mitigate exposures, we conducted a cross-over study of 48 adults exposed to TRAP during two commutes with and without CAF. Measurements included particulate air pollutants (PM(2.5), black carbon [BC], ultrafine particles [UFPs]), volatile organic compounds, and nitrogen dioxide. We measured participants' heart rate variability (HRV), saliva cortisol, and cognitive function. On average, CAF reduced concentrations of UFPs by 26,232 (95%CI: 11,734, 40,730) n/cm(3), PM(2.5) by 6 (95%CI: 5, 8) mug/m(3), and BC by 1348 (95%CI: 1042, 1654) ng/m(3), or 28, 30, and 32%, respectively. Each IQR increase in PM(2.5) was associated with a 28% (95%CI: 2, 60) increase in high-frequency power HRV at the end of the commute and a 22% (95%CI: 7, 39) increase 45 min afterward. IQR increases in UFPs were associated with increased saliva cortisol in women during the commute (18% [95%CI: 0, 40]). IQR increases in UFPs were associated with strong switching costs (19% [95%CI: 2, 39]), indicating a reduced capacity for multitasking, and PM(2.5) was associated with increased reaction latency, indicating slower responses (5% [95%CI: 1, 10]). CAF can reduce particulate exposures by almost a third"
Keywords:		Adult Humans Female *Air Pollutants/analysis Heart Rate Cross-Over Studies Hydrocortisone Saliva/chemistry *Air Pollution/analysis Particulate Matter/analysis Cognition air pollution cortisol filtration intervention particulate matter traffic;
Notes:		"MedlineMallach, Gary Shutt, Robin Thomson, Errol M Valcin, Frederic Kulka, Ryan Weichenthal, Scott eng Randomized Controlled Trial Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2023/02/15 Environ Sci Technol. 2023 Feb 28; 57(8):3238-3247. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06556. Epub 2023 Feb 14"