| Title: | Experimental Growth Conditions affect Direct and Indirect Defences in two Cotton Species |
| Author(s): | Chappuis L; Egger A; Roeder G; Glauser G; Jaffuel G; Benrey B; Abdala-Roberts L; Clancy MV; Turlings TCJ; Bustos-Segura C; |
| Address: | "FARCE laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile Argand 11, Neuchatel, 2000, Switzerland. Neuchatel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchatel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, Neuchatel, 2000, Switzerland. Laboratory of Evolutionary Entomology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, Neuchatel, 2000, Switzerland. Departamento de Ecologia Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Apartado Postal 4-116, Itzimna, Merida, 97000, Yucatan, Mexico. FARCE laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile Argand 11, Neuchatel, 2000, Switzerland. ted.turlings@unine.ch" |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10886-023-01422-5 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Print) 0098-0331 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Cotton has been used as a model plant to study direct and indirect plant defence against herbivorous insects. However, the plant growing conditions could have an important effect on the outcome of such plant defence studies. We examined how common experimental growth conditions influence constitutive and inducible defences in two species of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum and G. herbaceum. We induced plants by applying caterpillar regurgitant to mechanical wounds to compare the induction levels between plants of both species grown in greenhouse or phytotron conditions. For this we measured defence metabolites (gossypol and heliocides) and performance of Spodoptera frugiperda caterpillars on different leaves, the emission of plant volatiles, and their attractiveness to parasitic wasps. Induction increased the levels of defence metabolites, which in turn decreased the performance of S. frugiperda larvae. Constitutive and induced defence levels were the highest in plants grown in the phytotron (compared to greenhouse plants), G. hirsutum and young leaves. Defence induction was more pronounced in plants grown in the phytotron and in young leaves. Also, the differences between growing conditions were more evident for metabolites in the youngest leaves, indicating an interaction with plant ontogeny. The composition of emitted volatiles was different between plants from the two growth conditions, with greenhouse-grown plants showing more variation than phytotron-grown plants. Also, G. hirsutum released higher amounts of volatiles and attracted more parasitic wasps than G. herbaceum. Overall, these results highlight the importance of experimental abiotic factors in plant defence induction and ontogeny of defences. We therefore suggest careful consideration in selecting the appropriate experimental growing conditions for studies on plant defences" |
| Keywords: | Animals *Gossypium/metabolism Larva Spodoptera Herbivory *Wasps Cotton Gossypium herbaceum Gossypium hirsutum chemical defence growing conditions herbivore-induced plant volatiles induced defence parasitoids terpenoids; |
| Notes: | "MedlineChappuis, Laura Egger, Alicia Roeder, Gregory Glauser, Gaetan Jaffuel, Geoffrey Benrey, Betty Abdala-Roberts, Luis Clancy, Mary V Turlings, Ted C J Bustos-Segura, Carlos eng 2023/05/10 J Chem Ecol. 2023 Jun; 49(5-6):340-352. doi: 10.1007/s10886-023-01422-5. Epub 2023 May 9" |
