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J Chem Ecol

Title:		Both Volatiles and Cuticular Plant Compounds Determine Oviposition of the Willow Sawfly Nematus oligospilus on Leaves of Salix spp. (Salicaceae)
Author(s):		Braccini CL; Vega AS; Coll Araoz MV; Teal PE; Cerrillo T; Zavala JA; Fernandez PC;
Address:		"INTA, Instituto de Recursos Biologicos, Centro de Investigacion de Recursos Naturales, De los Reseros y Dr. Nicolas Repetto s/n, 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina. UBA, Catedra de Botanica General, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. PROIMI-CONICET Biotecnologia, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, T4001 MBV, Tucuman, Argentina. USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL, USA. INTA, Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Delta del Parana, Parana de las Palmas y Cl Comas s/n, 2804, Campana, Buenos Aires, Argentina. UBA, Catedra de Bioquimica, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martin 4453, C1417DSE, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. pcfernan@agro.uba.ar. INTA, Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Delta del Parana, Parana de las Palmas y Cl Comas s/n, 2804, Campana, Buenos Aires, Argentina. pcfernan@agro.uba.ar"
Journal Title:		J Chem Ecol
Year:		2015
Volume:		20151008
Issue:		11
Page Number:		985 - 996
DOI:		10.1007/s10886-015-0637-z
ISSN/ISBN:		1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Plant volatile organic compounds play a role in selection of host plants by herbivorous insects. Once the insect reaches the plant, contact cues determine host acceptance. Although the willow sawfly Nematus oligospilus (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) can differentiate among willow genotypes, no knowledge is available on the cues used by this insect to seek and accept the host plant. In this study, we recorded behavioral orientation in a Y-tube olfactometer of willow sawfly females to volatiles of the highly preferred genotype Salix nigra and the non-preferred genotype S. viminalis. The volatiles released by undamaged willows of each genotype were analyzed by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Contact cues were evaluated first by oviposition preference bioassays after selective leaf wax removal, and then by studying the micromorphology of abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces and their chemical composition. Willow sawfly females oriented preferentially to S. nigra volatiles, which contained more than 3 times the amount of volatiles than that collected from S. viminalis. Analysis of volatiles showed significant differences in amounts of (Z) and (E)-beta-ocimene, undecane, decanal, and beta-caryophyllene. The adaxial leaf surface of S. nigra was less preferred after wax removal, suggesting a role of cuticular waxes for oviposition acceptance. No differences were found among the micromorphology of leaf surfaces between preferred and non-preferred genotypes. The chemical analysis of cuticular waxes showed that the abaxial leaf surface of S. viminalis, which is completely avoided for oviposition, possessed 97% of alkanes. The accepted leaf surfaces contained a more diverse wax profile including alcohols, acids, and esters. Thus, non-alkane wax compounds might be related to oviposition. In sum, our study suggests that several cues act in concert to provide oviposition cues for the sawfly N. oligospilus: females are attracted to volatiles from a distance, and once alighting on the plant, they seek specific chemical contact cues in order to lay eggs"
Keywords:		Animals Cues Female *Food Chain Herbivory Hymenoptera/growth & development/*physiology Larva/growth & development/physiology Olfactory Perception *Oviposition Plant Leaves/anatomy & histology/physiology Salix/*anatomy & histology/genetics/*physiology Spec;
Notes:		"MedlineBraccini, Celina L Vega, Andrea S Coll Araoz, M Victoria Teal, Peter E Cerrillo, Teresa Zavala, Jorge A Fernandez, Patricia C eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2015/10/10 J Chem Ecol. 2015 Nov; 41(11):985-96. doi: 10.1007/s10886-015-0637-z. Epub 2015 Oct 8"