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Sci Rep

Title:		Collective behaviour in 480-million-year-old trilobite arthropods from Morocco
Author(s):		Vannier J; Vidal M; Marchant R; El Hariri K; Kouraiss K; Pittet B; El Albani A; Mazurier A; Martin E;
Address:		"Universite de Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5276 Laboratoire de geologie de Lyon: Terre, Planetes, Environnement, Batiment Geode; 2, rue Raphael Dubois, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. jean.vannier@univ-lyon1.fr. Universite de Brest, CNRS, IUEM-UBO, CNRS, UMR 6538 Laboratoire Geosciences Ocean, rue Dumont d'Urville, F-29280, Plouzane, France. Musee Cantonal de Geologie, Universite de Lausanne, Batiment Anthropole, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. Universite Cadi-Ayyad, Departement des Sciences de la Terre, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, BP 549, 40000, Marrakesh, Morocco. Universite de Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5276 Laboratoire de geologie de Lyon: Terre, Planetes, Environnement, Batiment Geode; 2, rue Raphael Dubois, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. Universite de Poitiers, UFR SFA, IC2MP, CNRS, UMR 7285 (HydrASA); 5, rue Albert Turpin, Batiment B8, TSA 51106, F-86073, Poitiers, France"
Journal Title:		Sci Rep
Year:		2019
Volume:		20191017
Issue:		1
Page Number:		14941 -
DOI:		10.1038/s41598-019-51012-3
ISSN/ISBN:		2045-2322 (Electronic) 2045-2322 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Interactions and coordination between conspecific individuals have produced a remarkable variety of collective behaviours. This co-operation occurs in vertebrate and invertebrate animals and is well expressed in the group flight of birds, fish shoals and highly organized activities of social insects. How individuals interact and why they co-operate to constitute group-level patterns has been extensively studied in extant animals through a variety mechanistic, functional and theoretical approaches. Although collective and social behaviour evolved through natural selection over millions of years, its origin and early history has remained largely unknown. In-situ monospecific linear clusters of trilobite arthropods from the lower Ordovician (ca 480 Ma) of Morocco are interpreted here as resulting either from a collective behaviour triggered by hydrodynamic cues in which mechanical stimulation detected by motion and touch sensors may have played a major role, or from a possible seasonal reproduction behaviour leading to the migration of sexually mature conspecifics to spawning grounds, possibly driven by chemical attraction (e.g. pheromones). This study confirms that collective behaviour has a very ancient origin and probably developed throughout the Cambrian-Ordovician interval, at the same time as the first animal radiation events"
Keywords:		Animals Arthropods/*physiology *Biological Evolution *Cooperative Behavior Fossils Morocco;
Notes:		"MedlineVannier, Jean Vidal, Muriel Marchant, Robin El Hariri, Khadija Kouraiss, Khaoula Pittet, Bernard El Albani, Abderrazak Mazurier, Arnaud Martin, Emmanuel eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2019/10/19 Sci Rep. 2019 Oct 17; 9(1):14941. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51012-3"