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Microorganisms

Title:		"In Vitro Selection of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Antioxidants to Develop an Innovative Synbiotic (NatuREN G) and Testing Its Effect in Reducing Uremic Toxins in Fecal Batches from CKD Patients"
Author(s):		Vacca M; Celano G; Lenucci MS; Fontana S; Forgia FM; Minervini F; Scarano A; Santino A; Dalfino G; Gesualdo L; De Angelis M;
Address:		"Department of Soil Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy. Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy. Farmalabor srl, 76012 Canosa di Puglia, Italy. Unit of Lecce, Institute of Sciences of Food Production C.N.R., 73100 Lecce, Italy. National Institute of Gastroenterology 'S. de Bellis' Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy. Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, 'Aldo Moro' University, 70124 Bari, Italy"
Journal Title:		Microorganisms
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210617
Issue:		6
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/microorganisms9061316
ISSN/ISBN:		2076-2607 (Print) 2076-2607 (Electronic) 2076-2607 (Linking)
Abstract:		"We aimed to develop an innovative synbiotic formulation for use in reducing dysbiosis, uremic toxins (e.g., p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate), and, consequently, the pathognomonic features of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Twenty-five probiotic strains, belonging to lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium, were tested for their ability to grow in co-culture with different vegetable (pomegranate, tomato, and grapes) sources of antioxidants and prebiotics (inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides, and beta-glucans). Probiotics were selected based on the acidification rates and viable cell counts. Inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides reported the best prebiotic activity, while a pomegranate seed extract was initially chosen as antioxidant source. The investigation was also conducted in fecal batches from healthy and CKD subjects, on which metabolomic analyses (profiling volatile organic compounds and total free amino acids) were conducted. Two out of twenty-five probiotics were finally selected. After the stability tests, the selective innovative synbiotic formulation (named NatuREN G) comprised Bifidobacterium animalis BLC1, Lacticaseibacillus casei LC4P1, fructo-oligosaccharides, inulin, quercetin, resveratrol, and proanthocyanidins. Finally, NatuREN G was evaluated on fecal batches collected from CKD in which modified the viable cell densities of some cultivable bacterial patterns, increased the concentration of acetic acid and decane, while reduced the concentration of nonanoic acid, dimethyl trisulfide, and indoxyl sulfate"
Keywords:		antioxidants chronic kidney disease fecal batches microbiota prebiotics probiotics synbiotic;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEVacca, Mirco Celano, Giuseppe Lenucci, Marcello Salvatore Fontana, Sergio Forgia, Flavia Maria la Minervini, Fabio Scarano, Aurelia Santino, Angelo Dalfino, Giuseppe Gesualdo, Loreto De Angelis, Maria eng XUANRO4/Regione Puglia/ Switzerland 2021/07/03 Microorganisms. 2021 Jun 17; 9(6):1316. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9061316"