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PLoS One

Title:		Characterization of a novel bile alcohol sulfate released by sexually mature male sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
Author(s):		Li K; Brant CO; Siefkes MJ; Kruckman HG; Li W;
Address:		"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America"
Journal Title:		PLoS One
Year:		2013
Volume:		20130709
Issue:		7
Page Number:		e68157 -
DOI:		10.1371/journal.pone.0068157
ISSN/ISBN:		1932-6203 (Electronic) 1932-6203 (Linking)
Abstract:		"A sulphate-conjugated bile alcohol, 3,12-diketo-4,6-petromyzonene-24-sulfate (DKPES), was identified using bioassay-guided fractionation from water conditioned with sexually mature male sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). The structure and relative stereochemistry of DKPES was established using spectroscopic data. The electro-olfactogram (EOG) response threshold of DKPES was 10(-7) Molar (M) and that of 3-keto petromyzonol sulfate (3 KPZS; a known component of the male sea lamprey sex pheromone) was 10(-10) M. Behavioural studies indicated that DKPES can be detected at low concentrations by attracting sexually mature females to nests when combined with 3 KPZS. Nests baited with a mixture of DKPES and 3 KPZS (ratio 1ratio29.8) attracted equal numbers of sexually mature females compared to an adjacent nest baited with 3 KPZS alone. When DKPES and 3 KPZS mixtures were applied at ratios of 2ratio29.8 and 10ratio29.8, the proportion of sexually mature females that entered baited nests increased to 73% and 70%, respectively. None of the sexually mature females released were attracted to nests baited with DKPES alone. These results indicated that DKPES is a component of the sex pheromone released by sexually mature male sea lamprey, and is the second biologically active compound identified from this pheromone. DKPES represents the first example that a minor component of a vertebrate pheromone can be combined with a major component to elicit critical sexual behaviors. DKPES holds considerable promise for increasing the effectiveness of pheromone-baited trapping as a means of sea lamprey control in the Laurentian Great Lakes"
Keywords:		"Animals Behavior, Animal Bile/chemistry/*metabolism Cholic Acids/*biosynthesis/chemistry Female Male Michigan Molecular Structure Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular Petromyzon/*physiology *Sexual Maturation;"
Notes:		"MedlineLi, Ke Brant, Cory O Siefkes, Michael J Kruckman, Hanna G Li, Weiming eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2013/07/23 PLoS One. 2013 Jul 9; 8(7):e68157. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068157. Print 2013"