| Title: | Fit-for-Purpose Assessment of QuEChERS LC-MS/MS Methods for Environmental Monitoring of Organotin Compounds in the Bottom Sediments of the Odra River Estuary |
| Author(s): | Kucharski D; Stasiuk R; Drzewicz P; Skowronek A; Strzelecka A; Mianowicz K; Giebultowicz J; |
| Address: | "Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland. Department of Geomicrobiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland. Polish Geological Institute-National Research Institute, Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warsaw, Poland. Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland. Interoceanmetal Joint Organization, Cyryla i Metodego 9, 71-541 Szczecin, Poland" |
| DOI: | 10.3390/molecules27154847 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1420-3049 (Electronic) 1420-3049 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Organotin compounds (OTCs) are among the most hazardous substances found in the marine environment and can be determined by either the ISO 23161 method based on extraction with non-polar organic solvents and gas chromatography analysis or by the recently developed QuEChERS method coupled to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To date, the QuEChERS LC/MS and ISO 23161 methods have not been compared in terms of their fit-for-purpose and reliability in the determination of OTCs in bottom sediments. In the case of ISO 23161, due to a large number of interferences gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was not suitable for the determination of OTCs contrary to more selective determination by gas chromatography with an atomic emission detector. Moreover, it has been found that the derivatization of OTCs to volatile compounds, which required prior gas chromatography determination, was strongly affected by the sediments' matrices. As a result, a large amount of reagent was needed for the complete derivatization of the compounds. Contrary to ISO 23161, the QuEChERS LC-MS/MS method did not require the derivatization of OTC and is less prone to interferences. Highly volatile and toxic solvents were not used in the QuEChERS LC-MS/MS method. This makes the method more environmentally friendly according to the principles of green analytical chemistry. QuEChERS LC-MS/MS is suitable for fast and reliable environmental monitoring of OTCs in bottom sediments from the Odra River estuary. However, determination of di- and monobutyltin by the QuEChERS LC-MS/MS method was not possible due to the constraints of the chromatographic system. Hence, further development of this method is needed for monitoring di- and monobutyltin in bottom sediments" |
| Keywords: | "Chromatography, Liquid Environmental Monitoring/methods Estuaries Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods *Organotin Compounds/analysis Reproducibility of Results *Rivers/chemistry Solvents/analysis Tandem Mass Spectrometry Odra River estuary bottom;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineKucharski, Dawid Stasiuk, Robert Drzewicz, Przemyslaw Skowronek, Artur Strzelecka, Agnieszka Mianowicz, Kamila Giebultowicz, Joanna eng UMO-2016/21/B/ST10/02391/National Science Center/ Switzerland 2022/08/13 Molecules. 2022 Jul 28; 27(15):4847. doi: 10.3390/molecules27154847" |
