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Respiration

Title:		Acetaldehyde at a low concentration synergistically exacerbates allergic airway inflammation as an endocrine-disrupting chemical and as a volatile organic compound
Author(s):		Kawano T; Matsuse H; Fukahori S; Tsuchida T; Nishino T; Fukushima C; Kohno S;
Address:		"Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan"
Journal Title:		Respiration
Year:		2012
Volume:		20120425
Issue:		2
Page Number:		135 - 141
DOI:		10.1159/000337112
ISSN/ISBN:		1423-0356 (Electronic) 0025-7931 (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: Acetaldehyde is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) and a volatile organic compound (VOC). It is also a carcinogen and teratogen that causes bronchoconstriction in a subset of asthmatics. However, the mechanism through which acetaldehyde acts as an EDC/VOC causing allergic airway inflammation remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of a low concentration of acetaldehyde, which itself did not trigger airway inflammation, on extant allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of allergic asthma. METHODS: We compared airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), lung pathology, serum IgE and airway concentrations of cytokines among four groups of BALB/c mice [control, Dermatophagoides farinae(Df) allergen-sensitized (AS), intranasally acetaldehyde-injected (ALD) and AS-ALD mice]. RESULTS: Physiological and histological differences were not evident between ALD and control mice. AS mice developed AHR and allergic airway inflammation characterized by goblet cell hyperplasia and eosinophilic infiltration. Both AHR and airway eosinophilia were significantly enhanced in AS-ALD compared with AS mice. Serum total and Df-specific IgE were significantly increased in both AS and AS-ALD mice compared with control and ALD mice, but comparable between AS and AS-ALD mice. Mite allergen sensitization significantly increased interleukin-5 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and decreased interferon-gamma levels in the airways; injecting acetaldehyde into airways with allergic inflammation significantly increased the levels of these inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to acetaldehyde can enhance allergic airway inflammation in asthma"
Keywords:		"Acetaldehyde/*pharmacology Administration, Intranasal Animals *Asthma/immunology/pathology/physiopathology Bronchoconstriction/*drug effects Disease Models, Animal Endocrine Disruptors/*pharmacology Eosinophilia/chemically induced/metabolism Female Granul;"
Notes:		"MedlineKawano, Tetsuya Matsuse, Hiroto Fukahori, Susumu Tsuchida, Tomoko Nishino, Tomoya Fukushima, Chizu Kohno, Shigeru eng Switzerland 2012/04/28 Respiration. 2012; 84(2):135-41. doi: 10.1159/000337112. Epub 2012 Apr 25"