| Title: | Fine Particulate Matter and Gaseous Compounds in Kitchens and Outdoor Air of Different Dwellings |
| Author(s): | Alves C; Vicente A; Oliveira AR; Candeias C; Vicente E; Nunes T; Cerqueira M; Evtyugina M; Rocha F; Almeida SM; |
| Address: | "Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Environment, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Geobiosciences, Geotechnologies and Geoengineering Research Centre (GeoBioTec), Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Centre for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (C2TN), Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Lisbon, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal" |
| Journal Title: | Int J Environ Res Public Health |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1660-4601 (Electronic) 1661-7827 (Print) 1660-4601 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Passive diffusion tubes for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbonyls and low volume particulate matter (PM(2.5)) samplers were used simultaneously in kitchens and outdoor air of four dwellings. PM(2.5) filters were analysed for their carbonaceous content (organic and elemental carbon, OC and EC) by a thermo-optical technique and for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and plasticisers by GC-MS. The morphology and chemical composition of selected PM(2.5) samples were characterised by SEM-EDS. The mean indoor PM(2.5) concentrations ranged from 14 microg m(-3) to 30 microg m(-3), while the outdoor levels varied from 18 microg m(-3) to 30 microg m(-3). Total carbon represented up to 40% of the PM(2.5) mass. In general, the indoor OC/EC ratios were higher than the outdoor values. Indoor-to-outdoor ratios higher than 1 were observed for VOCs, carbonyls and plasticisers. PAH levels were much higher in the outdoor air. The particulate material was mainly composed of soot aggregates, fly ashes and mineral particles. The hazard quotients associated with VOC inhalation suggested a low probability of non-cancer effects, while the cancer risk was found to be low, but not negligible. Residential exposure to PAHs was dominated by benzo[a]pyrene and has shown to pose an insignificant cancer risk" |
| Keywords: | "Air Pollutants/*analysis Air Pollution, Indoor/*analysis Environmental Monitoring Gases Humans Particle Size Particulate Matter/*analysis Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis Oc/ec PAHs Pm2.5 VOCs carbonyls dwellings indoor/outdoor morphology;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineAlves, Celia Vicente, Ana Oliveira, Ana Rita Candeias, Carla Vicente, Estela Nunes, Teresa Cerqueira, Mario Evtyugina, Margarita Rocha, Fernando Almeida, Susana Marta eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Switzerland 2020/07/28 Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 21; 17(14):5256. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145256" |
