| Title: | "Plant responses to insect eggs are not induced by egg-associated microbes, but by a secretion attached to the eggs" |
| Author(s): | Paniagua Voirol LR; Valsamakis G; Lortzing V; Weinhold A; Johnston PR; Fatouros NE; Kunze R; Hilker M; |
| Address: | "Institute of Biology, Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Freie Universitat Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Institute of Biology, Evolutionary Biology, Freie Universitat Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Berlin Center for Genomics in Biodiversity Research (BeGenDiv), Berlin, Germany. Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Institute of Biology, Applied Genetics, Freie Universitat Berlin, Berlin, Germany" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1365-3040 (Electronic) 0140-7791 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Plants can enhance their defence against herbivorous insects by responding to insect egg depositions preceding larval feeding. The similarity of plant responses to insect eggs with those to phytopathogens gave rise to the hypothesis that egg-associated microbes might act as elicitors. We tested this hypothesis by investigating first if elimination of microbes in the butterfly Pieris brassicae changes the responses of Brassica nigra and Arabidopsis thaliana to eggs and larvae of this insect species. An antibiotic treatment of butterflies mitigated the plant transcriptional response to the eggs and the egg-mediated enhancement of the plant's defence against larvae. However, application of cultivated microbial isolates from the eggs onto Arabidopsis thaliana did not enhance the plant's anti-herbivore defence. Instead, application of an egg-associated glandular secretion, which is attaching the eggs to the leaves, elicited the enhancing effect on the plant's defence against larvae. However, this effect was only achieved when the secretion was applied in similar quantities as released by control butterflies, but not when applied in the reduced quantity as released by antibiotic-treated butterflies. We conclude that glandular secretions rather than egg-associated microbes act in a dose-dependent manner as elicitor of the egg-mediated enhancement of the plant's defence against insect larvae" |
| Keywords: | "Animals Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology Arabidopsis/microbiology/*physiology Butterflies/*physiology Exocrine Glands/metabolism Female Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Larva Mustard Plant/microbiology/*physiology Ovum/drug effects/*microbiology/physio;" |
| Notes: | "MedlinePaniagua Voirol, Luis R Valsamakis, Georgios Lortzing, Vivien Weinhold, Arne Johnston, Paul R Fatouros, Nina E Kunze, Reinhard Hilker, Monika eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2020/02/26 Plant Cell Environ. 2020 Aug; 43(8):1815-1826. doi: 10.1111/pce.13746. Epub 2020 Jul 13" |
