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Pest Manag Sci

Title:		Population density and feeding duration of cabbage looper larvae on tomato plants alter the levels of plant volatile emissions
Author(s):		Miresmailli S; Gries R; Gries G; Zamar RH; Isman MB;
Address:		"Energy Biosciences Institute, Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. saber@illinois.edu"
Journal Title:		Pest Manag Sci
Year:		2012
Volume:		20111027
Issue:		1
Page Number:		101 - 107
DOI:		10.1002/ps.2229
ISSN/ISBN:		1526-4998 (Electronic) 1526-498X (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: As part of their indirect defense, plants under herbivore attack release volatile chemicals that attract natural enemies of the herbivore. This is a very well-documented phenomenon. However, relatively few studies have investigated the response of plants to different population levels of herbivores and their feeding duration. RESULTS: Working with larvae of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner), and tomato plants, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cv. clarence, and using an ultrafast gas chromatograph (the zNose) for volatile analyses, the authors studied the effect of larval density and feeding duration on levels of plant volatile emissions. Intense herbivory caused higher emission levels of the herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (E)-beta-ocimene and beta-caryophyllene than those caused by moderate herbivory. When herbivory had ceased following 12-24 h of larval feeding, plants kept releasing HIPVs at a high level for a longer period of time than they did following only 6 h of larval feeding. The plants' slow adjustment in their volatile emissions following prolonged larval feeding might be strategic, as such feeding is more likely to have ceased just temporarily. CONCLUSION: This information may help in the development of a pest monitoring system that is based on herbivore-induced plant volatiles"
Keywords:		Animals Feeding Behavior Larva/physiology Solanum lycopersicum/*metabolism/*parasitology Moths/growth & development/*physiology Population Density Volatile Organic Compounds/*metabolism;
Notes:		"MedlineMiresmailli, Saber Gries, Regine Gries, Gerhard Zamar, Ruben H Isman, Murray B eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2011/10/29 Pest Manag Sci. 2012 Jan; 68(1):101-7. doi: 10.1002/ps.2229. Epub 2011 Oct 27"