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Pest Manag Sci

Title:		"2-Alkyl-3-methoxypyrazines are potent attractants of florivorous scarabs (Melolonthidae, Cyclocephalini) associated with economically exploitable Neotropical palms (Arecaceae)"
Author(s):		Maia ACD; Santos GKN; Goncalves EG; Navarro D; Nunez-Avellaneda LA;
Address:		"Programa de Pos-graduacao em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil. Departamento de Quimica Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil. Curso de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Brazil. Departamento de Ciencias Basicas, Universidad de La Salle, Bogota, Colombia"
Journal Title:		Pest Manag Sci
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180225
Issue:
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.1002/ps.4895
ISSN/ISBN:		1526-4998 (Electronic) 1526-498X (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: 2-Alkyl-3-methoxypyrazines (MPs) are naturally occurring aromatic compounds involved in insect chemical communication as both pheromones and allelochemicals. Although rarely characterized in floral scents, they have been identified as major constituents in headspace samples from palm inflorescences and evidence pointed towards their function as attractive cues for scent-oriented pollinators, as well as florivores. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of MPs in economically exploitable palms belonging to Acrocomia and Attalea through headspace floral scent analysis and assessed their role in the selective attraction of flower-feeding cyclocephaline scarabs (Melolonthidae, Cyclocephalini) in field bioassays conducted in Brazil and Colombia. RESULTS: Three different MPs were identified among floral headspace samples of Acrocomia aculeata, Acr. intumescens, Attalea butyracea and Att. insignis: 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IPMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP) and 2-(sec-butyl)-3-methoxypyrazine (SBMP). Their combined estimated total scent emissions per inflorescence ranged from 246 mug h(-1) to 6.2 mg h(-1) . Scented traps, individually baited with either IPMP or SBMP, resulted in species-selective and high yield captures of Cyclocephala amazona and C. distincta, known florivores associated with over 20 different species of Neotropical palms. CONCLUSIONS: The identification of MPs as potent kairomones could prove instrumental in integrated pest management plans for these insects in emerging oil-yielding crops in South America, including those of the wine palm (Att. butyracea) and macaw palms (Acrocomia spp.). (c) 2018 Society of Chemical Industry"
Keywords:		Dynastinae olfactory-mediated attraction semiochemical-based pest control volatile organic compounds (VOCs);
Notes:		"PublisherMaia, Artur Campos Dalia Santos, Geanne Karla Novais Goncalves, Eduardo Gomes Navarro, Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Nunez-Avellaneda, Luis Alberto eng England 2018/02/27 Pest Manag Sci. 2018 Feb 25. doi: 10.1002/ps.4895"