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Genes (Basel)

Title:		Mating-Type Locus Organization and Mating-Type Chromosome Differentiation in the Bipolar Edible Button Mushroom Agaricus bisporus
Author(s):		Foulongne-Oriol M; Taskent O; Kues U; Sonnenberg ASM; van Peer AF; Giraud T;
Address:		"INRAE, MycSA, Mycologie et Securite des Aliments, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France. Ecologie Systematique Evolution, Batiment 360, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Universite Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France. Molecular Wood Biotechnology and Technical Mycology, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Busgen-Institute, University of Goettingen, Busgenweg 2, 37077 Goettingen, Germany. Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands"
Journal Title:		Genes (Basel)
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210716
Issue:		7
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/genes12071079
ISSN/ISBN:		2073-4425 (Electronic) 2073-4425 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In heterothallic basidiomycete fungi, sexual compatibility is restricted by mating types, typically controlled by two loci: PR, encoding pheromone precursors and pheromone receptors, and HD, encoding two types of homeodomain transcription factors. We analysed the single mating-type locus of the commercial button mushroom variety, Agaricus bisporus var. bisporus, and of the related variety burnettii. We identified the location of the mating-type locus using genetic map and genome information, corresponding to the HD locus, the PR locus having lost its mating-type role. We found the mip1 and beta-fg genes flanking the HD genes as in several Agaricomycetes, two copies of the beta-fg gene, an additional HD2 copy in the reference genome of A. bisporus var. bisporus and an additional HD1 copy in the reference genome of A. bisporus var. burnettii. We detected a 140 kb-long inversion between mating types in an A. bisporus var. burnettii heterokaryon, trapping the HD genes, the mip1 gene and fragments of additional genes. The two varieties had islands of transposable elements at the mating-type locus, spanning 35 kb in the A. bisporus var. burnettii reference genome. Linkage analyses showed a region with low recombination in the mating-type locus region in the A. bisporus var. burnettii variety. We found high differentiation between beta-fg alleles in both varieties, indicating an ancient event of recombination suppression, followed more recently by a suppression of recombination at the mip1 gene through the inversion in A. bisporus var. burnettii and a suppression of recombination across whole chromosomes in A. bisporus var. bisporus, constituting stepwise recombination suppression as in many other mating-type chromosomes and sex chromosomes"
Keywords:		"Agaricus/*genetics/metabolism Alleles Basidiomycota/genetics Chromosomes/*genetics DNA, Fungal/genetics Genes, Mating Type, Fungal/*genetics Genetic Linkage/genetics Genome, Fungal/genetics Recombination, Genetic/genetics Agaricus automixis basidiomycete;"
Notes:		"MedlineFoulongne-Oriol, Marie Taskent, Ozgur Kues, Ursula Sonnenberg, Anton S M van Peer, Arend F Giraud, Tatiana eng 832352/ERC_/European Research Council/International Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Switzerland 2021/08/07 Genes (Basel). 2021 Jul 16; 12(7):1079. doi: 10.3390/genes12071079"