| Title: | Urinary metabolites of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and volatile organic compounds in relation to lung cancer development in lifelong never smokers in the Shanghai Cohort Study |
| Author(s): | Yuan JM; Butler LM; Gao YT; Murphy SE; Carmella SG; Wang R; Nelson HH; Hecht SS; |
| Address: | "Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1460-2180 (Electronic) 0143-3334 (Print) 0143-3334 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from various environmental and occupational sources are considered a primary risk factor for lung cancer among lifelong never smokers, based largely on results from epidemiologic studies utilizing self-reported exposure information. Prospective, biomarker-based human studies on the role of PAH and other airborne carcinogens in the development of lung cancer among lifelong non-smokers have been lacking. We prospectively investigated levels of urinary metabolites of a PAH and volatile organic compounds in relation to lung cancer risk in a nested case-control study of 82 cases and 83 controls among lifelong never smokers of the Shanghai Cohort Study, a prospective cohort of 18 244 Chinese men aged 45-64 years at enrollment. We quantified three PAH metabolites: r-1,t-2,3,c-4-tetrahydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene (PheT), 3-hydroxyphenanthrene (3-OH-Phe) and total hydroxyphenanthrenes (total OH-Phe, the sum of 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-OH-Phe), as well as metabolites of the volatile organic compounds acrolein (3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid), benzene (S-phenyl mercapturic acid), crotonaldehyde (3-hydroxy-1-methylpropylmercapturic acid) and ethylene oxide (2-hydroxyethyl mercapturic acid). Urinary cotinine was also quantified to confirm non-smoking status. Compared with the lowest quartile, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for lung cancer risk for the highest quartile levels of PheT, 3-OH-Phe and total OH-Phe were 2.98 (1.13-7.87), 3.10 (1.12-7.75) and 2.59 (1.01-6.65) (all P trend < 0.05), respectively. None of the metabolites of the volatile organic compounds were associated with overall lung cancer risk. This study demonstrates a potentially important role of exposure to PAH in the development of lung cancer among lifelong never smokers" |
| Keywords: | "Biomarkers, Tumor/*urine Case-Control Studies China Cohort Studies Female Follow-Up Studies Humans Lung Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*urine Male Middle Aged Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/*urine Prognosis Risk Factors Smoking/*adverse effects Volatile Organic C;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineYuan, Jian-Min Butler, Lesley M Gao, Yu-Tang Murphy, Sharon E Carmella, Steven G Wang, Renwei Nelson, Heather H Hecht, Stephen S eng P30 CA077598/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ R01 CA092025/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ R01 CA43092/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ R01 CA92034/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ R01 CA129534/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ R01 CA144034/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ Comparative Study Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural England 2013/10/24 Carcinogenesis. 2014 Feb; 35(2):339-45. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgt352. Epub 2013 Oct 22" |
