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J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

Title:		Using exposure biomarkers in children to compare between-child and within-child variance and calculate correlations among siblings for multiple environmental chemicals
Author(s):		Sexton K; Ryan AD;
Address:		"University of Texas School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas 78520, USA. ken.sexton@uth.tmc.edu"
Journal Title:		J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol
Year:		2012
Volume:		20111019
Issue:		1
Page Number:		16 - 23
DOI:		10.1038/jes.2011.30
ISSN/ISBN:		1559-064X (Electronic) 1559-0631 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Longitudinal measurements of biomarkers for metals, phthalates, environmental tobacco smoke, organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and volatile organic compounds were made in blood and/or urine from a stratified, random sample of more than 100 elementary school-aged children living in an inner-city section of Minneapolis. Repeated measures of 31 exposure biomarkers indicate that between-child variance (B-CV) was greater than within-child variance (W-CV) for 8 compounds, B-CV was a significant proportion of total variance for 9 compounds, and variances were homogeneous for 14 compounds. Among siblings living in the same household, positive correlations were observed for biomarker concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, metals, and volatile organic chemicals in blood, and total cotinine in urine. Biologic markers confirm that children from a low-income, ethnically diverse neighborhood experienced concurrent exposure to a variety of hazardous environmental chemicals during their everyday activities. Future monitoring studies should examine the nature and magnitude of children's cumulative exposure to both chemical and non-chemical stressors, especially in disadvantaged populations"
Keywords:		"Analysis of Variance Biomarkers/*analysis Child Environmental Monitoring/*methods Environmental Pollutants/*analysis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Humans Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis Longitudinal Studies Metals, Heavy/analysis Organophosphate;"
Notes:		"MedlineSexton, Ken Ryan, Andrew D eng Comparative Study Evaluation Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2011/10/20 J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2012 Jan-Feb; 22(1):16-23. doi: 10.1038/jes.2011.30. Epub 2011 Oct 19"