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Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

Title:		Phytotoxic compounds from endophytic fungi
Author(s):		Macias-Rubalcava ML; Garrido-Santos MY;
Address:		"Instituto de Quimica, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Delegacion Coyoacan, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. mmacias@iquimica.unam.mx. Instituto de Quimica, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Delegacion Coyoacan, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico"
Journal Title:		Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220118
Issue:		3
Page Number:		931 - 950
DOI:		10.1007/s00253-022-11773-w
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-0614 (Electronic) 0175-7598 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Weeds represent one of the most challenging biotic factors for the agricultural sector, responsible for causing significant losses in important agricultural crops. Traditional herbicides have managed to keep weeds at bay, but overuse has resulted in negative environmental and toxicological impacts, including the increase of herbicide-resistant species. Within this context, the use of biologically derived (bio-)herbicides represents a promising solution because they are able to provide the desired phytotoxic effects while causing less toxic environmental damage. In recent years, bioactive secondary metabolites, in particular those bio-synthesized by endophytic fungi, have been shown to be promising sources of novel compounds that can be exploited in agriculture, including their use in weed control. Endophytic fungi have the ability to produce volatile and nonvolatile compounds with broad phytotoxic activity. In addition, as a result of the beneficial relationships they establish with their host plants, they are part of the colonization mechanism and can provide protection for their hosts. As such, endophytic fungi can be exploited as bioherbicides and as research tools. In this review, we cover 100 nonvolatile secondary metabolites with phytotoxic activity and more than 20 volatile organic compounds in a mixture, produced by 28 isolates of endophytic fungi from 21 host plant families, collected in 8 countries. This information can form the basis for the application of endophytic fungal compounds in weed control. KEY POINTS: * Endophytic fungi produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites with unique and complex structures. * Fungal endophytes produce volatile and nonvolatile compounds with promising phytotoxic activity. * Endophytic fungi are a promising source of useful bioherbicides"
Keywords:		Endophytes Fungi *Herbicides/toxicity Humans Plants *Volatile Organic Compounds/toxicity Bioherbicides Endophytic fungus Herbicide Phytotoxic effect Phytotoxicity Secondary metabolites Weed control;
Notes:		"MedlineMacias-Rubalcava, Martha Lydia Garrido-Santos, Monserrat Yesenia eng Review Germany 2022/01/19 Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Feb; 106(3):931-950. doi: 10.1007/s00253-022-11773-w. Epub 2022 Jan 18"