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Genes (Basel)

Title:		"Production of Plant Secondary Metabolites: Examples, Tips and Suggestions for Biotechnologists"
Author(s):		Guerriero G; Berni R; Munoz-Sanchez JA; Apone F; Abdel-Salam EM; Qahtan AA; Alatar AA; Cantini C; Cai G; Hausman JF; Siddiqui KS; Hernandez-Sotomayor SMT; Faisal M;
Address:		"Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg. gea.guerriero@list.lu. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy. berni10@student.unisi.it. Trees and timber institute-National research council of Italy (CNR-IVALSA), via Aurelia 49, 58022 Follonica (GR), Italy. berni10@student.unisi.it. Unidad de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan, Calle 43 # 130 X 32 y 34, Col. Chuburna de Hidalgo, Merida, Yucatan 97205, Mexico. arms@cicy.mx. Arterra Biosciences srl/Vitalab srl, via B. Brin 69, 80142 Naples, Italy. fapone@arterrabio.it. Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. eabdelsalam@ksu.edu.sa. Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. ahmadaqq@gmail.com. Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. aalatar@ksu.edu.sa. Trees and timber institute-National research council of Italy (CNR-IVALSA), via Aurelia 49, 58022 Follonica (GR), Italy. cantini@ivalsa.cnr.it. Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy. giampiero.cai@unisi.it. Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg. jean-francois.hausman@list.lu. Life Sciences Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), 31261 Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. ksiddiqui@kfupm.edu.sa. Unidad de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan, Calle 43 # 130 X 32 y 34, Col. Chuburna de Hidalgo, Merida, Yucatan 97205, Mexico. ths@cicy.mx. Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. mofaisal@ksu.edu.sa"
Journal Title:		Genes (Basel)
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180620
Issue:		6
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/genes9060309
ISSN/ISBN:		2073-4425 (Print) 2073-4425 (Electronic) 2073-4425 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Plants are sessile organisms and, in order to defend themselves against exogenous (a)biotic constraints, they synthesize an array of secondary metabolites which have important physiological and ecological effects. Plant secondary metabolites can be classified into four major classes: terpenoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids and sulphur-containing compounds. These phytochemicals can be antimicrobial, act as attractants/repellents, or as deterrents against herbivores. The synthesis of such a rich variety of phytochemicals is also observed in undifferentiated plant cells under laboratory conditions and can be further induced with elicitors or by feeding precursors. In this review, we discuss the recent literature on the production of representatives of three plant secondary metabolite classes: artemisinin (a sesquiterpene), lignans (phenolic compounds) and caffeine (an alkaloid). Their respective production in well-known plants, i.e., Artemisia, Coffea arabica L., as well as neglected species, like the fibre-producing plant Urtica dioica L., will be surveyed. The production of artemisinin and caffeine in heterologous hosts will also be discussed. Additionally, metabolic engineering strategies to increase the bioactivity and stability of plant secondary metabolites will be surveyed, by focusing on glycosyltransferases (GTs). We end our review by proposing strategies to enhance the production of plant secondary metabolites in cell cultures by inducing cell wall modifications with chemicals/drugs, or with altered concentrations of the micronutrient boron and the quasi-essential element silicon"
Keywords:		Artemisia Coffea arabica L.Urtica dioica L.artemisinin bioactivity caffeine cell wall heterologous hosts lignans secondary metabolites uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEGuerriero, Gea Berni, Roberto Munoz-Sanchez, J Armando Apone, Fabio Abdel-Salam, Eslam M Qahtan, Ahmad A Alatar, Abdulrahman A Cantini, Claudio Cai, Giampiero Hausman, Jean-Francois Siddiqui, Khawar Sohail Hernandez-Sotomayor, S M Teresa Faisal, Mohammad eng Review Switzerland 2018/06/22 Genes (Basel). 2018 Jun 20; 9(6):309. doi: 10.3390/genes9060309"