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J Econ Entomol

Title:		Salinity Influences Plant-Pest-Predator Tritrophic Interactions
Author(s):		Ali MP; Rahman MS; Nowrin F; Haque SS; Qin X; Haque MA; Uddin MM; Landis DA; Howlader MTH;
Address:		"Entomology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh. School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, United Kingdom. Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"
Journal Title:		J Econ Entomol
Year:		2021
Volume:		114
Issue:		4
Page Number:		1470 - 1479
DOI:		10.1093/jee/toab133
ISSN/ISBN:		1938-291X (Electronic) 0022-0493 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Climate change-induced salinity intrusion into agricultural soils is known to negatively impact crop production and food security. However, the effects of salinity increase on plant-herbivore-natural enemy systems and repercussions for pest suppression services are largely unknown. Here, we examine the effects of increased salinity on communities of rice (Oryza sativa), brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, and green mirid bug (GMB), Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, under greenhouse conditions. We found that elevated salinity significantly suppressed the growth of two rice cultivars. Meanwhile, BPH population size also generally decreased due to poor host plant quality induced by elevated salinity. The highest BPH density occurred at 2.0 dS/m salinity and declined thereafter with increasing salinity, irrespective of rice cultivar. The highest population density of GMB also occurred under control conditions and decreased significantly with increasing salinity. Higher salinity directly affected the rice crop by reducing plant quality measured with reference to biomass production and plant height, whereas inducing population developmental asynchrony between BPH and GMB observed at 2 dS/m salinity and potentially uncoupling prey-predator dynamics. Our results suggest that increased salinity has harmful effects on plants, herbivores, natural enemies, as well as plant-pest-predator interactions. The effects measured here suggest that the bottom-up effects of predatory insects on rice pests will likely decline in rice produced in coastal areas where salinity intrusion is common. Our findings indicate that elevated salinity influences tritrophic interactions in rice production landscapes, and further research should address resilient rice insect pest management combining multipests and predators in a changing environment"
Keywords:		Animals *Hemiptera Herbivory *Heteroptera *Oryza Predatory Behavior Salinity brown planthopper green mired bug insect rice;
Notes:		"MedlineAli, M P Rahman, M S Nowrin, Farzana Haque, S S Qin, Xinghu Haque, M A Uddin, M M Landis, Douglas A Howlader, M T H eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2021/07/08 J Econ Entomol. 2021 Aug 5; 114(4):1470-1479. doi: 10.1093/jee/toab133"