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J Chromatogr A

Title:		Dry ice fog extraction of volatile organic compounds
Author(s):		Yang HH; Urban PL;
Address:		"Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rd., Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan. Electronic address: urban@mx.nthu.edu.tw"
Journal Title:		J Chromatogr A
Year:		2019
Volume:		20181123
Issue:
Page Number:		196 - 201
DOI:		10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.052
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-3778 (Electronic) 0021-9673 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Extraction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into a condensed phase requires maximizing the surface-to-volume ratio of the extracting medium. In the case of the solid-phase extracting media, the surface-to-volume ratio can be increased by implementing porous monoliths or particles with different size. In the case of the liquid-phase extracting media, the surface-to-volume ratio can be increased by generating microbubbles or aerosol microdroplets. Here, we propose dry ice fog extraction (DIFE) approach. Briefly, aerosol microdroplets are generated by inserting dry ice into the extraction solvent. The produced fog, containing high-density microdroplets, is directed toward the sample headspace, where the gas-liquid extraction occurs. The microdroplets, containing the extracted VOCs, subsequently coalesce on a cold surface. The movement of the microdroplets is facilitated by a small pressure difference between the fog generator and the extract collector. Within several minutes, a few hundred microliters of the extract are collected, which is sufficient for chromatographic and mass spectrometric analyses. In this proof-of-concept study, the DIFE approach was characterized by using gas chromatography coupled with electron ionization mass spectrometry (MS), as well as direct infusion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization MS. The limits of detection for linalool and menthol were 2.0 x 10(-6) and 4.7 x 10(-5) M, respectively. The method was further applied in analyses of VOCs emanating from a variety of liquid and solid matrices (e-cigarette 'vapor', cinnamon branch, curly spearmint leaves, lily petal, garlic bulb, ginger root, mouthwash, shampoo, spoiled seafood, toothpaste, and red wine). DIFE effectively isolated the VOCs associated with these complex matrices"
Keywords:		"Chemistry Techniques, Analytical/instrumentation/*methods *Dry Ice Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Limit of Detection Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis/*isolation & purification Dry ice Extraction Microdroplets Sample preparation Volatile organic c;"
Notes:		"MedlineYang, Hui-Hsien Urban, Pawel L eng Netherlands 2018/12/07 J Chromatogr A. 2019 Jan 25; 1585:196-201. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.052. Epub 2018 Nov 23"