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Atmos Chem Phys

Title:		An ecosystem-scale perspective of the net land methanol flux: synthesis of micrometeorological flux measurements
Author(s):		Wohlfahrt G; Amelynck C; Ammann C; Arneth A; Bamberger I; Goldstein AH; Gu L; Guenther A; Hansel A; Heinesch B; Holst T; Hortnagl L; Karl T; Laffineur Q; Neftel A; McKinney K; Munger JW; Pallardy SG; Schade GW; Seco R; Schoon N;
Address:		"Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria ; European Academy of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy. Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium. Research Station Agroscope, Climate and Air Pollution Group, Zurich, Switzerland. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK-IFU, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany ; Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA. Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA. Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. Exchanges Ecosystems-Atmosphere, Department Biosystem Engineering (BIOSE), University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium. Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Institute of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. Royal Meteorological Institute, Brussels, Belgium. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. Department of Forestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine CA 92697, USA"
Journal Title:		Atmos Chem Phys
Year:		2015
Volume:		15
Issue:		2
Page Number:		2577 - 2613
DOI:		10.5194/acpd-15-2577-2015
ISSN/ISBN:		1680-7316 (Print) 1680-7324 (Electronic) 1680-7316 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Methanol is the second most abundant volatile organic compound in the troposphere and plays a significant role in atmospheric chemistry. While there is consensus about the dominant role of living plants as the major source and the reaction with OH as the major sink of methanol, global methanol budgets diverge considerably in terms of source/sink estimates reflecting uncertainties in the approaches used to model, and the empirical data used to separately constrain these terms. Here we compiled micrometeorological methanol flux data from eight different study sites and reviewed the corresponding literature in order to provide a first cross-site synthesis of the terrestrial ecosystem-scale methanol exchange and present an independent data-driven view of the land-atmosphere methanol exchange. Our study shows that the controls of plant growth on the production, and thus the methanol emission magnitude, and stomatal conductance on the hourly methanol emission variability, established at the leaf level, hold across sites at the ecosystem-level. Unequivocal evidence for bi-directional methanol exchange at the ecosystem scale is presented. Deposition, which at some sites even exceeds methanol emissions, represents an emerging feature of ecosystem-scale measurements and is likely related to environmental factors favouring the formation of surface wetness. Methanol may adsorb to or dissolve in this surface water and eventually be chemically or biologically removed from it. Management activities in agriculture and forestry are shown to increase local methanol emission by orders of magnitude; they are however neglected at present in global budgets. While contemporary net land methanol budgets are overall consistent with the grand mean of the micrometeorological methanol flux measurements, we caution that the present approach of simulating methanol emission and deposition separately is prone to opposing systematic errors and does not allow taking full advantage of the rich information content of micrometeorological flux measurements"
Keywords:
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEWohlfahrt, G Amelynck, C Ammann, C Arneth, A Bamberger, I Goldstein, A H Gu, L Guenther, A Hansel, A Heinesch, B Holst, T Hortnagl, L Karl, T Laffineur, Q Neftel, A McKinney, K Munger, J W Pallardy, S G Schade, G W Seco, R Schoon, N eng P 19849/FWF_/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria P 23267/FWF_/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria Germany 2015/05/20 Atmos Chem Phys. 2015 Jan 27; 15(2):2577-2613. doi: 10.5194/acpd-15-2577-2015"