« Previous AbstractDisentangling direct and indirect determinants of the duration of maternal care in brown bears: Environmental context matters    Next AbstractDog appeasing pheromone prevents the androgen surge and may reduce contact dominance and active submission after stressful interventions in African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) »

J Occup Environ Hyg

Title:		Assessment of occupational exposure to nebulized isopropyl alcohol as disinfectant during aseptic compounding of parenteral cytotoxic drugs in cleanrooms
Author(s):		van den Berg RB; de Poot S; Swart EL; Crul M;
Address:		"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Department of Occupational Health & Safety, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands"
Journal Title:		J Occup Environ Hyg
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210629
Issue:		8
Page Number:		361 - 368
DOI:		10.1080/15459624.2021.1933505
ISSN/ISBN:		1545-9632 (Electronic) 1545-9624 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Pharmacy technicians are exposed to volatile organic compounds, like the disinfectant isopropyl alcohol (IPA), during the process of aseptic compounding of parenteral cytotoxic drugs. The occupational exposure to nebulized IPA during aseptic compounding has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the exposure to IPA during aseptic compounding of parenteral cytotoxic drugs and to assess compliance with legal and regulatory limits. As a secondary endpoint, the difference between two disinfection methods was compared regarding the exposure to IPA. The exposure to IPA was measured during five working shifts of 8 hr and one shift of 4 hr. The concentration IPA was measured by using a six-gas monitor. Total daily exposure was calculated as 8-hr Time Weighted Average (TWA) air concentration in mg/m(3) and compared with an Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL) value of 500 mg/m(3) and incidental peak exposure of 5,000 mg/m(3). To assess whether the 8-hr TWA air concentration meets the legal and regulatory limits the Similar Exposure Groups (SEG) compliance test was used. A paired sample t-test was conducted to assess difference in exposure between two disinfection methods. The average 8-hr TWA exposure to IPA during the six measurements varied from 2.6 mg/m(3) to 43.9 mg/m(3) and the highest momentary concentration measured was 860 mg/m(3). The result of the SEG compliance test was 3.392 (U(r) value) and was greater than the U(t) value of 2.187 which means the exposure to IPA is in compliance with the OEL value. No significant difference in exposure was shown between two disinfection methods (p = 0.49). In conclusion, exposure to IPA during aseptic compounding of parenteral cytotoxic drugs showed compliance to the OEL values with no significant difference in exposure between two disinfection methods"
Keywords:		2-Propanol *Disinfectants/toxicity Disinfection *Occupational Exposure/analysis *Pharmaceutical Preparations Antineoplastic drugs nebulized occupational exposure limit volatile organic compounds;
Notes:		"Medlinevan den Berg, Roland B de Poot, Stan Swart, Eleonora L Crul, Mirjam eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2021/06/30 J Occup Environ Hyg. 2021 Aug; 18(8):361-368. doi: 10.1080/15459624.2021.1933505. Epub 2021 Jun 29"