| Title: | Dietary protein sources and their effects on faecal odour and the composition of volatile organic compounds in faeces of French Bulldogs |
| Author(s): | Urrego MIG; Pedreira RS; Santos KM; Ernandes MC; Santos JPF; Vendramini THA; Eberlin MN; Balieiro JCC; Pontieri CFF; Brunetto MA; |
| Address: | "College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Sao Paulo State University, Pirassununga, Brazil. Grandfood Industria e Comercio Ltd, Dourado, Brazil. Animal Nutrition and Production Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Pet Nutrology Research Center, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil. Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil" |
| Journal Title: | J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1439-0396 (Electronic) 0931-2439 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The strong odour of faeces and excessive production of gases in some dog breeds have long been a concern of owners. The pet food industry uses nutritional alternatives, such as high-quality ingredients and additives, to improve the odour of faeces. However, there are still some dog breeds, such as the French Bulldog, that present this problem due to the presence into the large intestine of indigested protein. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the volatile compounds that influence the odour of dog faeces is important. This study aimed to identify changes of faecal odour compounds that are most prevalent in French Bulldogs based on food containing different high-quality protein sources and their effect in sensory analysis. Four maintenance foods with different protein sources were formulated: P, poultry meal food; W, wheat gluten food; PW, poultry meal and wheat gluten food; and PWH, poultry meal, wheat gluten, and hydrolysed protein food. Eight adult French Bulldogs were arranged in a 4x4 Latin square design and adapted to foods for 28 days. Fresh faeces were collected for analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and sensory analysis. The means were compared by SAS, and statistical significance was indicated by p |
| Keywords: | Animals Dietary Proteins Dogs Feces Odorants Poultry *Volatile Organic Compounds canine indole malodorous compounds phenol; |
| Notes: | "MedlineUrrego, Maria Isabel Gonzalez Pedreira, Raquel Silveira Santos, Karine de Melo Ernandes, Mariane Ceschin Santos, Joao Paulo Fernandes Vendramini, Thiago Henrique Annibale Eberlin, Marcos Nogueira Balieiro, Julio Cesar de Carvalho Pontieri, Cristiana Ferreira Fonseca Brunetto, Marcio Antonio eng Germany 2021/10/09 J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2021 Oct; 105 Suppl 1:65-75. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13605" |
