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J Insect Physiol

Title:		Adaptive significance of gall formation for a gall-inducing aphids on Japanese elm trees
Author(s):		Takei M; Yoshida S; Kawai T; Hasegawa M; Suzuki Y;
Address:		"Department of Bioresource Science, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Chuo, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan. Department of Bioresource Science, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Chuo, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan. Electronic address: ayoshi@mx.ibaraki.ac.jp"
Journal Title:		J Insect Physiol
Year:		2015
Volume:		20141128
Issue:
Page Number:		43 - 51
DOI:		10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.11.006
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-1611 (Electronic) 0022-1910 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Insect galls are abnormal plant tissues induced by external stimuli from parasitizing insects. It has been suggested that the stimuli include phytohormones such as auxin and cytokinins produced by the insects. In our study on the role of hormones in gall induction by the aphid Tetraneura nigriabdominalis, it was found that feedback regulation related to auxin and cytokinin activity is absent in gall tissues, even though the aphids contain higher concentrations of those phytohormones than do plant tissues. Moreover, jasmonic acid signaling appears to be compromised in gall tissue, and consequently, the production of volatile organic compounds, which are a typical defense response of host plants to herbivory, is diminished. These findings suggest that these traits of the gall tissue benefit aphids, because the gall tissue is highly sensitive to auxin and cytokinin, which induce and maintain it. The induced defenses against aphid feeding are also compromised. The abnormal responsiveness to phytohormones is regarded as a new type of extended phenotype of gall-inducing insects"
Keywords:		"Adaptation, Physiological Animals Aphids/*physiology Cyclopentanes/metabolism Cytokinins/metabolism Host-Parasite Interactions Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism Oxylipins/metabolism Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism Plant Leaves/metabolism/parasitology Plant;"
Notes:		"MedlineTakei, Mami Yoshida, Sayaka Kawai, Takashi Hasegawa, Morifumi Suzuki, Yoshihito eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2014/12/02 J Insect Physiol. 2015 Jan; 72:43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.11.006. Epub 2014 Nov 28"