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J Chem Ecol

Title:		"A Biologically Active Analog of the Sex Pheromone of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis"
Author(s):		Silk PJ; Ryall K; Mayo P; MaGee DI; LeClair G; Fidgen J; Lavallee R; Price J; McConaghy J;
Address:		"Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 1350 Regent Street, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5P7, Canada, psilk@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca"
Journal Title:		J Chem Ecol
Year:		2015
Volume:		20150320
Issue:		3
Page Number:		294 - 302
DOI:		10.1007/s10886-015-0562-1
ISSN/ISBN:		1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) (EAB), is an invasive species causing unprecedented levels of mortality to ash trees in its introduced range. The female-produced sex pheromone of EAB has been shown to contain the macrocyclic lactone (3Z)-dodecen-12-olide. This compound and its geometrical isomer, (3E)-dodecen-12-olide, have been demonstrated previously to be EAG active and, in combination with a host-derived green leaf volatile, (3Z)-hexenol, to be attractive to male EAB in green prism traps deployed in the ash tree canopy. In the current study, we show that the saturated analog, dodecan-12-olide, is similarly active, eliciting an antennal response and significant attraction of EAB in both olfactometer and trapping bioassays in green traps with (3Z)-hexenol. Conformational modeling of the three lactones reveals that their energies and shapes are very similar, suggesting they might share a common receptor in EAB antennae. These findings provide new insight into the pheromone ecology of this species, highlighting the apparent plasticity in response of adults to the pheromone and its analog. Both of the unsaturated isomers are costly to synthesize, involving multistep, low-yielding processes. The saturated analog can be made cheaply, in high yield, and on large scale via Mitsunobu esterification of a saturated omega-hydroxy acid or more simply by Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of commercially available cyclododecanone. The analog can thus provide an inexpensive option as a lure for detection surveys as well as for possible mitigation purposes, such as mating disruption"
Keywords:		"Animals Biological Assay Coleoptera/chemistry/*drug effects Female Insect Control Introduced Species Isomerism Lactones/*chemistry/*pharmacology Male Models, Molecular Molecular Conformation Sex Attractants/*chemistry/*pharmacology;"
Notes:		"MedlineSilk, P J Ryall, K Mayo, P MaGee, D I Leclair, G Fidgen, J Lavallee, R Price, J McConaghy, J eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2015/03/20 J Chem Ecol. 2015 Mar; 41(3):294-302. doi: 10.1007/s10886-015-0562-1. Epub 2015 Mar 20"