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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Title:		Isoprene interferes with the attraction of bodyguards by herbaceous plants
Author(s):		Loivamaki M; Mumm R; Dicke M; Schnitzler JP;
Address:		"Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research, Research Centre Karlsruhe, Kreuzeckbahnstrasse 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany"
Journal Title:		Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Year:		2008
Volume:		20081105
Issue:		45
Page Number:		17430 - 17435
DOI:		10.1073/pnas.0804488105
ISSN/ISBN:		1091-6490 (Electronic) 0027-8424 (Print) 0027-8424 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Isoprene is the most abundant volatile compound emitted by vegetation. It influences air chemistry and is part of plant defense against abiotic stresses. However, whether isoprene influences biotic interactions between plants and other organisms has not been investigated to date. Here we show a new effect of isoprene, namely its influence on interactions between plants and insects. Herbivory induces the release of plant volatiles that attract the herbivore's enemies, such as parasitic wasps, as a kind of bodyguard. We used transgenic isoprene-emitting Arabidopsis plants in behavioral, chemical, and electrophysiological studies to investigate the effects of isoprene on ecological interactions in 2 tritrophic systems. We demonstrate that isoprene is perceived by the chemoreceptors of the parasitic wasp Diadegma semiclausum and interferes with the attraction of this parasitic wasp to volatiles from herbivore-infested plants. We verified this repellent effect on D. semiclausum female wasps by adding external isoprene to the volatile blend of wild-type plants. In contrast, the antennae of the parasitic wasp Cotesia rubecula do not perceive isoprene and the behavior of this wasp was not altered by isoprene emission. In addition, the performance of the 2 examined lepidopteran herbivores (Pieris rapae and Plutella xylostella) was not affected by isoprene emission. Therefore, attraction of parasitic wasps to host-infested herbaceous plants in the neighborhood of high isoprene emitters, such as poplar or willow, may be hampered by the isoprene emission that repels plant bodyguards"
Keywords:		"Animals Arabidopsis/*chemistry Butadienes/*metabolism/pharmacology Chemotaxis/*drug effects Electrophysiology Hemiterpenes/*metabolism/pharmacology Pentanes/*metabolism/pharmacology Plants, Genetically Modified Smell/*physiology Species Specificity Wasps/;"
Notes:		"MedlineLoivamaki, Maaria Mumm, Roland Dicke, Marcel Schnitzler, Jorg-Peter eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2008/11/07 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Nov 11; 105(45):17430-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0804488105. Epub 2008 Nov 5"