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J Hazard Mater

Title:		Characteristics and health impacts of VOCs and carbonyls associated with residential cooking activities in Hong Kong
Author(s):		Huang Y; Ho SS; Ho KF; Lee SC; Yu JZ; Louie PK;
Address:		"Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China"
Journal Title:		J Hazard Mater
Year:		2011
Volume:		20101109
Issue:		1
Page Number:		344 - 351
DOI:		10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.003
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-3336 (Electronic) 0304-3894 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Cooking emission samples collected in two residential kitchens were compared where towngas (denoted as dwelling A) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (denoted as dwelling B) were used as cooking fuels. A total of 50 different volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were quantified during the 90 min cooking periods. None of any carcinogenic compounds like formaldehyde, acetaldehyde or benzene are detected in the raw fuels, confirming that those are almost entirely derived due to cooking activity alone. Alkenes accounted for approximately 53% of the total measured VOCs collected at dwelling A, while alkanes contributed approximately 95% of the VOCs at dwelling B during the cooking periods. The concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene also increased during the cooking periods. The total amount of carbonyls emitted from the cooking processes at dwelling A (2708 mug) is three times higher than that at dwelling B (793 mug). Acetaldehyde was the most abundant carbonyl at the dwelling A but its emission was insignificant at the dwelling B. Carcinogenic risks on chronic exposure to formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzene for housewives and domestic helpers were evaluated. Formaldehyde accounts for 68% and close to 100% of lifetime cancer risks at dwelling A and B, respectively"
Keywords:		*Cooking Environmental Exposure Hong Kong Humans Limit of Detection Reproducibility of Results Risk Assessment Volatile Organic Compounds/*chemistry/*toxicity;
Notes:		"MedlineHuang, Yu Ho, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Kin Fai Lee, Shun Cheng Yu, Jian Zhen Louie, Peter K K eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2010/11/30 J Hazard Mater. 2011 Feb 15; 186(1):344-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.003. Epub 2010 Nov 9"