| Title: | Environmental monitoring of secondhand smoke exposure |
| Author(s): | Apelberg BJ; Hepp LM; Avila-Tang E; Gundel L; Hammond SK; Hovell MF; Hyland A; Klepeis NE; Madsen CC; Navas-Acien A; Repace J; Samet JM; Breysse PN; |
| Address: | "Department of Epidemiology, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. pbreysse@jhsph.edu" |
| DOI: | 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050301 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1468-3318 (Electronic) 0964-4563 (Print) 0964-4563 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The complex composition of secondhand smoke (SHS) provides a range of constituents that can be measured in environmental samples (air, dust and on surfaces) and therefore used to assess non-smokers' exposure to tobacco smoke. Monitoring SHS exposure (SHSe) in indoor environments provides useful information on the extent and consequences of SHSe, implementing and evaluating tobacco control programmes and behavioural interventions, and estimating overall burden of disease caused by SHSe. The most widely used markers have been vapour-phase nicotine and respirable particulate matter (PM). Numerous other environmental analytes of SHS have been measured in the air including carbon monoxide, 3-ethenylpyridine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, nitrogen oxides, aldehydes and volatile organic compounds, as well as nicotine in dust and on surfaces. The measurement of nicotine in the air has the advantage of reflecting the presence of tobacco smoke. While PM measurements are not as specific, they can be taken continuously, allowing for assessment of exposure and its variation over time. In general, when nicotine and PM are measured in the same setting using a common sampling period, an increase in nicotine concentration of 1 mug/m(3) corresponds to an average increase of 10 mug/m3 of PM. This topic assessment presents a comprehensive summary of SHSe monitoring approaches using environmental markers and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of these methods and approaches" |
| Keywords: | "Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis Biomarkers/analysis Environmental Exposure/*analysis Environmental Monitoring/*methods Humans Nicotine/analysis Particulate Matter/analysis Smoking/metabolism Tobacco Smoke Pollution/*analysis;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineApelberg, Benjamin J Hepp, Lisa M Avila-Tang, Erika Gundel, Lara Hammond, S Katharine Hovell, Melbourne F Hyland, Andrew Klepeis, Neil E Madsen, Camille C Navas-Acien, Ana Repace, James Samet, Jonathan M Breysse, Patrick N eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review England 2012/09/06 Tob Control. 2013 May; 22(3):147-55. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050301. Epub 2012 Sep 4" |
