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Sci Total Environ

Title:		Towards a novel application of wastewater-based epidemiology in population-wide assessment of exposure to volatile organic compounds
Author(s):		Kumar R; Adhikari S; Driver EM; Smith T; Bhatnagar A; Lorkiewicz PK; Xie Z; Hoetker JD; Halden RU;
Address:		"Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. Electronic address: Erin.Driver@asu.edu. Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, 302 E. Muhammad Ali Blvd., Louisville, KY 40202, USA. Biodesign Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; One Water One Health, Non-profit Project of Arizona State University Foundation, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA"
Journal Title:		Sci Total Environ
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220627
Issue:
Page Number:		157008 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157008
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In this study, we investigated the feasibility of detecting 35 urinary biomarkers of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) exposure in community wastewater. 24-h composited municipal wastewater samples were collected from two communities (n = 8) in the southeastern US. Using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, results showed 16 metabolites were detected in wastewater samples, including indicators of exposure to acrolein, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, crotonaldehyde, n,n-dimethylformamide (DMF), ethylbenzene, nicotine, propylene oxide, styrene, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, and xylene. Additional metabolites qualitatively identified exposure to acrylamide and trichloroethylene. Community 1 (closer proximity to manufacturing facilities) had a greater number of detects (n = 36) and higher VOC loadings, 22,000 mg day(-1) per 1000 people, as compared to Community 2 (n = 28), 7100 mg day(-1) per 1000 people. Normalizing to nicotine consumption biomarkers to account for differences in smoking behaviors, Community 1 continued to have higher levels of propylene oxide, crotonaldehyde, DMF, and acrylonitrile exposures, VOCs generally sourced from manufacturing activities and vehicle emissions. This is the first study to utilize wastewater to detect urinary biomarkers of VOCs exposure. These preliminary results suggest the WBE approach as a potentially powerful tool to assess community health exposures to indoor and outdoor air pollutants"
Keywords:		*Acrylonitrile/analysis *Air Pollutants/analysis Biomarkers/analysis Environmental Monitoring/methods Humans Nicotine/analysis *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis Wastewater/analysis Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Monitoring Air pollution Exposure asse;
Notes:		"MedlineKumar, Rahul Adhikari, Sangeet Driver, Erin M Smith, Ted Bhatnagar, Aruni Lorkiewicz, Pawel K Xie, Zhengzhi Hoetker, J David Halden, Rolf U eng Netherlands 2022/07/01 Sci Total Environ. 2022 Nov 1; 845:157008. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157008. Epub 2022 Jun 27"